Question

The method of creating the illusion of depth on a 2-d surface through the appearance of converging parallel lines and one or more vanishing points is called _______.

Answer 1

This method is known as linear perspective.
When using linear perspective, artists use a set of drawn or imaginary lines which are made to converge at the horizon of the image. These lines change the viewer's perspective by providing a point through which the relative size, shape and position of objects is determined. This technique creates the illusion of depth.