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Degger [83]
3 years ago
11

Enzyme reaction and deactivation Lipase is being investigated as an additive to laundry detergent for removal of stains from fab

ric. The general reaction is: fats- fatty acids 1 glycerol The Michaelis constant for pancreatic lipase is 5 mM. At 60 C, lipase is subject to deactivation with a half-life of 8 min. Fat hydrolysis is carried out in a well-mixed batch reactor that simulates a top-loading washing machine. The initial fat concentration is 45 gmol m23. At the beginning of the reaction, the rate of hydrolysis is 0.07 mmol l21 s21. How long does it take for the enzyme to hydrolyse 80% of the fat present?
Physics
1 answer:
natita [175]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

t= 27.38 mins [this the time taken by the enzyme to hydrolyse 80% of the fat present]

Explanation:given values

Half life of lipase t_1/2 = 8 min x 60s/min = 480 s

Rate constant for first order reaction

k_d = 0.6932/480 = 1.44 x 10^-3 s-1

Initial fat concentration S_0 = 45 mol/m3 = 45 mmol/L

rate of hydrolysis Vm0 = 0.07 mmol/L/s

Conversion X = 0.80

Final concentration S = S_0(1-X) = 45 (1-0.80) = 9 mol/m3

K_m = 5mmol/L

time take is given by

t= -\frac{1}{K_d}ln[1-\frac{K_d}{V_m_0}(k_mln\frac{s_0}{s}+(s_0-s))]

all values are given and putting these value we get

t=1642.83 secs

which is equal to

t= 27.38 mins [this the time taken by the enzyme to hydrolyse 80% of the fat present]

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the correct one is b

the difference between the final moment and the initial moment

Explanation:

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          I = ΔP

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When checking the different answers, the correct one is b

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Imagine a particular exoplanet covered in an ocean of liquid methane. At the surface of the ocean, the acceleration of gravity i
AlladinOne [14]

Answer:

Explanation:

Atmospheric pressure = 7 x 10⁴ Pa

force on  a disk-shaped region 2.00 m in radius at the surface of the ocean due to atmosphere  = pressure x area

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A spring gun is made by compressing a spring in a tube and then latching the spring at the compressed position. A 4.97-g pellet
dimaraw [331]

Answer:

v  = 2.8898 \frac{m}{s}

Explanation:

This is a problem easily solve using energy conservation. As there are no non-conservative forces, we know that the energy is conserved.

When the spring is compressed downward, the spring has elastic potential energy. When the spring is relaxed, there is no elastic potential energy, but the pellet will have gained gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy. Lets see what are the terms for each of this.

<h3>Elastic potential energy</h3>

We know that a spring following Hooke's Law has a elastic potential energy:

E_{ep} = \frac{1}{2} k (\Delta x)^2

where \Delta x is the displacement from the relaxed length and k is the spring's constant.

To obtain the spring's constant, we know that Hooke's law states that the force made by the spring is :

\vec{F} = - k \Delta \vec{x}

as we need 9.12 N to compress 4.60 cm, this means:

k = \frac{9.12 \ N}{4.6 \ 10^{-2} \ m}

k = 198.26 \ \frac{ N}{m}

So, the elastic energy of the compressed spring is:

E_{ep} = \frac{1}{2} 198.26 \ \frac{ N}{m} (4.6 \ 10^{-2} \ m)^2

E_{ep} = 0.209759 \ Joules

And when the spring is relaxed, the elastic potential energy will be zero.

<h3>Gravitational potential energy</h3>

To see how much gravitational potential energy will the pellet win, we can use

\Delta E_{gp} = m g \Delta h

where m is the mass of the pellet, g is the acceleration due to gravity and \Delta h is the difference in height.

Taking all this together, the gravitational potential energy when the spring is relaxed will be:

\Delta E_{gp} = 4.97 \ 10^{-3} kg \ 9.8 \frac{m}{s^2} 4.6 \ 10^{-2} m

\Delta E_{gp} = 0.00224 \ Joules

<h3>Kinetic Energy</h3>

We know that the kinetic energy for a mass m moving at speed v is:

E_k = \frac{1}{2} m v^2

so, for the pellet will be

E_k = \frac{1}{2} \ 4.97 \ 10^{-3} kg \ v^2

<h3>All together</h3>

By conservation of energy, we know:

E_{ep} = \Delta E_{gp} + E_k

0.209759 \ Joules = 0.00224 \ Joules + \frac{1}{2} \ 4.97 \ 10^{-3} kg \ v^2

So

\frac{1}{2} \ 4.97 \ 10^{-3} kg \ v^2  = 0.209759 \ Joules - 0.00224 \ Joules

\frac{1}{2} \ 4.97 \ 10^{-3} kg \ v^2  = 0.207519 \ Joules

v  = \sqrt{ \frac{ 0.207519 \ Joules}{ \frac{1}{2} \ 4.97 \ 10^{-3} kg } }

v  = 2.8898 \frac{m}{s}

7 0
3 years ago
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