Question

Sort each of the following events based on whether the solubility of the indicated gas will increase, decrease, or stay the same. Each phrase specifies the gas involved and the change in its environment.
1. The temperature is increased 2.the partial pressure of an anesthetic gas is increased
3.O2: temperature of a body when water rises 4. the pressure of a gas over a solvent is increased
5. air in blood: a diver descends 10m and pressure increase by 1 am
Please help me and tell me which ones gas solubility increase, decrease or the gas stays the same.
I got 1 and 5 for decrease. The 2, 3, 4 for increase.

Answer 1

The answers are: 1) decrease 2) increase 3) decrease 4) increase 5) increase

FURTHER EXPLANATION

The following factors affect the solubility of gases in liquids:

1. Temperature - inverse relationship

As the temperature is increased, the gas particles gain energy and start to move faster. This enables them to escape the liquid leading to decrease in the solubility of the gas.

2. Partial Pressure of gas - direct relationship

According to Henry's Law, for a given temperature, the solubility of the gas and the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid are proportional. With the application of pressure on the gas above the liquid, the gas particles are forced to move into the solvent.

1. Temperature is increased - gas solubility decreases (Factor 1)

2. Partial pressure of an anesthetic gas is increased - gas solubility increases  (Factor 2)

3. O2: temperature of a body of water rises - gas solubility decreases (Factor 1)

4. Pressure of a gas over a solvent is increased - gas solubility increases (Factor 2)

5. Air in blood: a diver descends 10 m and the pressure increase by 1 atm - gas solubility increases (Factor 2)

As the diver goes deeper, the pressure increases and more gases dissolve in the diver's blood. As the diver ascends, he or she must do so slowly to ensure that this large amount of gas is removed from the blood gradually otherwise, the diver might suffer from decompression sickness.

LEARN MORE

• Learn more about Charles' Law brainly.com/question/7259721

• Learn more about Ideal Gas Law brainly.com/question/4147359

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Keywords: solubility, Henry's Law

Answer 2

1. The solubility of the anesthetic gas $\boxed{{\text{decreases}}}$ if the temperature is increased.  

2. The solubility of the anesthetic gas $\boxed{{\text{increases}}}$ if its partial pressure is increased.  

3. The solubility of the oxygen $\boxed{{\text{decreases}}}$ if the temperature of the body is increased.

4. The solubility of oxygen  $\boxed{{\text{increases}}}$ if its pressure over the solvent is increased.

5. The solubility of air in blood $\boxed{{\text{increases}}}$ if diver descends $10\;{\text{m}}$ and the pressure is increased by ${\text{1}}\;{\text{atm}}$.

Further Explanation:

The chemical property of any substance that makes it capable to dissolve in other substances is called solubility. It is measured in terms of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in the given amount of solvent.

Solubility is directly related to the intermolecular forces. Moreover, temperature and pressure are two other factors that influence the solubility of the gas.

There exist weak intermolecular forces between the gas molecules. With the increase in the temperature, the average kinetic energy also speeds up due to which the molecules start vibrating about their mean positions. This results in overcoming of the weak forces and the molecules re-enter into the gas phase. So solubility decreases with the increase in temperature.

The law that governs the relationship of gas solubility with its partial pressure is Henry’s Law. It states that the solubility $\left( {{{\text{S}}_{{\text{gas}}}}} \right)$ is directly proportional to the partial pressure $\left( {{{\text{P}}_{{\text{gas}}}}} \right)$ of the gas. If the gas has high partial pressure, it will have a higher solubility and vice-versa.

Mathematically, ${{\mathbf{S}}_{{\mathbf{gas}}}} \propto {{\mathbf{P}}_{{\mathbf{gas}}}}$

We incorporate a proportionality constant in order to remove the sign of proportionality. That constant is known as Henry’s constant, represented by ${{\mathbf{k}}_{\mathbf{H}}}$.

So Henry’s Law becomes ${{\mathbf{S}}_{{\mathbf{gas}}}} = {{\mathbf{k}}_{\mathbf{H}}}{\mathbf{ \times }}\;{{\mathbf{P}}_{{\mathbf{gas}}}}$

1. As we know, the solubility of gas is inversely proportional to the temperature. So if the temperature of anesthetic gas is increased, its solubility decreases.

2. According to Henry’s Law, the solubility of gas is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas. So the solubility of anesthetic gas also increases with the increase in its partial pressure.

3. As we know, the solubility of gas is inversely proportional to the temperature. So if the temperature of the body is increased, the solubility of oxygen decreases.

4. According to Henry’s Law, the solubility of gas is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas. So the solubility of oxygen also increases with the increase in its partial pressure.

5. As the diver descends  $10\;{\text{m}}$ and the pressure is increased by $1\;{\text{atm}}$, the solubility of gas increases in accordance with Henry’s Law.

Learn more:  

1. Statement about subatomic particle: brainly.com/question/3176193

2. The energy of a photon in light: brainly.com/question/7590814

Answer details:  

Grade: Senior School  

Subject: Chemistry  

Chapter: Solutions

Keywords: solubility, gas, increase, decrease, temperature, partial pressure, diver, air, change, environment, oxygen, blood, Henry's Law, anesthetic gas.