Answer:
Anything that shares electrons.
Explanation: This means they don't transfer electrons.
Answer: The bond formed between the elements will be ionic bond.
Explanation: We are given two elements having electronic configurations:
Element 1: 
Element 2: 
Element 1 can easily loose 1 electron to attain stable electronic configuration and Element 2 can accept 1 electron to attain stable electronic configuration.
For these elements, there will be a complete transfer of electron from Element 1 to Element 2. Hence, this will form a ionic bond.
From the configuration, Element 1 is Lithium and Element 2 is Fluoride. So, the compound is LiF.
Your answer to your question is: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶
1) Dalton stated that atom is matter that can not be divided, but it is proved that the atom can be divided into subatomic particles (electrons, protons and neutrons).
2) He stated that atoms of one element can not be changed into atoms of other elements, but now that is possible by nuclear reactions.
Today we still use his postulate: Atoms combine in the ratio of small whole numbers to form stable compounds, for example H₂O.