Answer:
Let the second medium be air (n₁=1)
The refractive index n₂ of the medium where first medium is air is found (a)
(a) n₂ = 2
Explanation:
Critical angle can be defined as the angle of incidence that provides the angle of refraction of 90°.
Refractive index of a medium can be defined as a number that describes that how fast a light will travel through that medium.
Critical angle and Refractive index are related by:


To find refractive index of medium with respect to air, substitute n₁=1 (Refractive index of air is 1)
Also θ(critical)=30°
Find n₂ :

1. 
Explanation:
We have:
voltage in the primary coil
voltage in the secondary coil
The efficiency of the transformer is 100%: this means that the power in the primary coil and in the secondary coil are equal

where I1 and I2 are the currents in the two coils. Re-arranging the equation, we find

which means that the current in the secondary coil is 14% of the value of the current in the primary coil.
2. 5.7 V
We can solve the problem by using the transformer equation:

where:
Np = 400 is the number of turns in the primary coil
Ns = 19 is the number of turns in the secondary coil
Vp = 120 V is the voltage in the primary coil
Vs = ? is the voltage in the secondary coil
Re-arranging the formula and substituting the numbers, we find:

In this item, we are given with the x-component of the velocity. The y-component is equal to 0 m/s. The time it takes for it to reach the volume can be related through the equation,
d = V₀t + 0.5gt²
Substituting the known values,
225 = (0 m/s)(t) + (0.5)(9.8)(t²)
Simplifying,
t = 6.776 s
To determine the distance of the student from the edge of the building, we multiply the x-component by the calculated time.
range = (12.5 m/s)(6.776 s)
range = 84.7 m
<em>Answer: 84.7 m</em>