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3 years ago

Describe how thermal energy is transferred

Physics

1 answer:

ikadub [295]3 years ago

4 0

Answer:

Thermal energy typically flows from a warmer material to a cooler material. Generally, when thermal energy is transferred to a material, the motion of its particles speeds up and its temperature increases. There are three methods of thermal energy transfer: conduction, convection, and radiation.

Explanation:

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(a) Calculate the absolute pressure at the bottom of a freshwater lake at a point whose depth is 30.0 m. Assume the density of t

Law Incorporation [45]

Answer:

(a) The absolute pressure at the bottom of the freshwater lake is 395.3 kPa

(b) The force exerted by the water on the window is 36101.5 N

Explanation:

(a)

The absolute pressure is given by the formula

$P = P_{o} + \rho gh$

Where $P$ is the absolute pressure

$P_{o}$ is the atmospheric pressure

$\rho$ is the density

$g$ is the acceleration due to gravity (Take $g = 9.8 m/s^{2}$ )

h is the height

From the question

h = 30.0 m

$\rho$ = 1.00 × 10³ kg/m³ = 1000 kg/m³

$P_{o}$ = 101.3 kPa = 101300 Pa

Using the formula

$P = P_{o} + \rho gh$

P = 101300 + (1000×9.8×30.0)

P = 101300 + 294000

P =395300 Pa

P = 395.3 kPa

Hence, the absolute pressure at the bottom of the freshwater lake is 395.3 kPa

(b)

For the force exerted

From

P = F/A

Where P is the pressure

F is the force

and A is the area

Then, F = P × A

Here, The area will be area of the window of the underwater vehicle.

Diameter of the circular window = 34.1 cm = 0.341 m

From Area = πD²/4

Then, A = π×(0.341)²/4 = 0.0913269 m²

Now,

From F = P × A

F = 395300 × 0.0913269

F = 36101.5 N

Hence, the force exerted by the water on the window is 36101.5 N

5 0

3 years ago

A 1 036-kg satellite orbits the Earth at a constant altitude of 98-km. (a) How much energy must be added to the system to move t

Veronika [31]

Answer:

a) The Energy added should be 484.438 MJ

b) The Kinetic Energy change is -484.438 MJ

c) The Potential Energy change is 968.907 MJ

Explanation:

Let 'm' be the mass of the satellite , 'M'(6× $10^{24}$ be the mass of earth , 'R'(6400 Km) be the radius of the earth , 'h' be the altitude of the satellite and 'G' (6.67× $10^{-11}$ N/m) be the universal constant of gravitation.

We know that the orbital velocity(v) for a satellite -

v= $\sqrt{\frac{Gmm}{R+h} }$ [(R+h) is the distance of the satellite from the center of the earth ]

Total Energy(E) = Kinetic Energy(KE) + Potential Energy(PE)

For initial conditions ,

h = $h_{i}$ = 98 km = 98000 m

∴Initial Energy ( $E_{i}$ ) = $\frac{1}{2}$ m $v^{2}$ + $\frac{-GMm}{(R+h_{i} )}$

Substituting v= $\sqrt{\frac{GMm}{R+h_{i} } }$ in the above equation and simplifying we get,

$E_{i}$ = $\frac{-GMm}{2(R+h_{i}) }$

Similarly for final condition,

h= $h_{f}$ = 198km = 198000 m

∴Final Energy( $E_{f}$ ) = $\frac{-GMm}{2(R+h_{f}) }$

a) The energy that should be added should be the difference in the energy of initial and final states -

∴ ΔE = $E_{f}$ - $E_{i}$

= $\frac{GMm}{2}$ ( $\frac{1}{R+h_{i} }$ - $\frac{1}{R+h_{f} }$ )

Substituting ,

M = 6 × $10^{24}$ kg

m = 1036 kg

G = 6.67 × $10^{-11}$

R = 6400000 m

$h_{i}$ = 98000 m

$h_{f}$ = 198000 m

We get ,

ΔE = 484.438 MJ

b) Change in Kinetic Energy (ΔKE) = $\frac{1}{2}$ m[ $v_{f} ^{2}$ - $v_{i} ^{2}$ ]

= $\frac{GMm}{2}$ [ $\frac{1} {R+h_{f} }$ - $\frac{1} {R+h_{i} }$ ]

= -ΔE

= - 484.438 MJ

c) Change in Potential Energy (ΔPE) = GMm[ $\frac{1}{R+h_{i} }$ - $\frac{1}{R+h_{f} }$ ]

= 2ΔE

= 968.907 MJ

3 0

4 years ago

There are many interesting applications of our energy density model to the flow of blood in the human circulatory system. One in

qaws [65]

Answer:

Pressure increases due to enlargement

Explanation:

Energy density is just a fancy name for pressure

Pressure is same at the bottom of the cups (same level-Pascal's law)

thus, Air pressure 1 + h1d1g = Air pressure 2 + h2d1g

= Air pressure 3 + (h2-h1)d2g +h1d1g

from the first 2, we get that since h2>h1, AP2<AP1

from the next 2, we get that since d2<d1, AP3>AP2

from first and third, we get that AP1>AP3

thus, finally AP1>AP3>AP2

for fluids flowing in tubes (blood vessel in this case)

P+0.5dv^2 + gh is constant (also called the bernoulli equation

for the same blood vessel, the heights remain same i.e h1=h2

for same flow rate, inc in area decreases the speed at which the blood flows as vA must remain same

hence, P increases due to enlargement

5 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Blue light of wavelength λ passes through a single slit of width d and forms a diffraction pattern on a screen. If we replace th

ololo11 [35]

Answer:

We can retain the original diffraction pattern if we change the slit width to d) 2d.

Explanation:

The diffraction pattern of a single slit has a bright central maximum and dimmer maxima on either side. We will retain the original diffraction pattern on a screen if the relative spacing of the minimum or maximum of intensity remains the same when changing the wavelength and the slit width simultaneously.

Using the following parameters: y for the distance from the center of the bright maximum to a place of minimum intensity, m for the order of the minimum, λ for the wavelength, D for the distance from the slit to the screen where we see the pattern and d for the slit width. The distance from the center to a minimum of intensity can be calculated with:

$y\approx\frac{m\lambda D}{d}$

From the above expression we see that if we replace the blue light of wavelength λ by red light of wavelength 2λ in order to retain the original diffraction pattern we need to change the slit width to 2d:

$y\approx\frac{m\lambda D}{d} =\frac{m2\lambda D}{2d}$

7 0

4 years ago

All of the halogens are____to humans.

Ymorist [56]

Answer:

b bc they are a dangerous threat to humans health

5 0

1 year ago

Describe how thermal energy is transferred​

Describe how thermal energy is transferred