A railroad runs form city A to city B, a distance of 800km, through mountainous terrain. The present one-way travel time (includ
ing time at intermediate yards) is 20 hours, and the rail freight rate is $20 per ton. There is a truck service that competes with the railroad, running over a roughly parallel road for approximately the same distance, at an average speed of 48km per hour and a rate of $30 per ton. A new highway is planned to replace the existing roads; it is expected that most of the traffic will be trucks (auto usage is expected to be negligible). The performance function of the new facility is t_T = t_0 + bV_T, where V_T is the flow in trucks per hour, t_0 = 10 hours, b = 0.08 hour per truck per hour. The railroad's estimate of the demand function is: V_T/V_R = a_0(t_r/t_R)^a_1 (c_T/c_R)^a_2 where t_T and t_R are the trip times (in hours) by truck and rail, respectively, c_T and c_R are the corresponding rates, V_T and V_R are the corresponding flows and a_0, a_1 and a_2 are parameters. The total demand is likely to remain constant at V_TOT = 200 tons per hour. The rail system is utilized at only a fraction of capacity, so its performance function is flat (travel time is constant, independent of volume). If a_0 = 1, a_1 = -1 and a_2 = -2, find the present flows of freight by truck and rail. Make an estimate of the equilibrium flows if the new highway were built. With the new highway built, what would the equilibrium flow be in each of the following two cases: if the railroad dropped its rate to $15 per ton? if truckers were taxed $5 per ton to help pay for the new highway?
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Answer:
the crown is false densty= 12556kg/m^3[/tex]
Explanation:
Hello! The first step to solve this problem is to find the mass of the crown, this is found using the weight of the crown in the air by means of the equation for the weight.
W=mg
W=weight(N)=31.4N
M=Mass
g=gravity=9.81m/S^2
solving for M
m=W/g
The second step is find the volume of crown remembering that when an object is weighed in the water the result is the subtraction between the weight of the object and the buoyant force of the water which is the product of the volume of the crown by gravity by density of water
Where
F=weight in water=28.9N
m=mass of crown=3.2kg
g=gravity=9.81m/S^2
α=density of water=1000kg/m^3
V= crown´s volume
solving for V
finally, we remember that the density is equal to the index between mass and volume
To determine the density of the crown without using the weight in the water and with a bucket we can use the following steps.
1.weigh the crown in the air and find the mass
2. put water in a cylindrical bucket and measure its height with a ruler.
3. Put the crown in the bucket and measure the new water level with a ruler.
4. Subtract the heights, and find the volume of a cylinder knowing the difference in heights and the diameter of the bucket, in order to determine the volume of the crown.
5. find density by dividing mass by volume