Explanation:
Half life of zero order and second order depends on the initial concentration. But as the given reaction slows down as the reaction proceeds, therefore, it must be second order reaction. This is because rate of reaction does not depend upon the initial concentration of the reactant.
a. As it is a second order reaction, therefore, doubling reactant concentration, will increase the rate of reaction 4 times. Therefore, the statement a is wrong.
b. Expression for second order reaction is as follows:
![\frac{1}{[A]} =\frac{1}{[A]_0} +kt](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B%5BA%5D%7D%20%3D%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B%5BA%5D_0%7D%20%2Bkt)
the above equation can be written in the form of Y = mx + C
so, the plot between 1/[A] and t is linear. So the statement b is true.
c.
Expression for half life is as follows:
![t_{1/2}=\frac{1}{k[A]_0}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=t_%7B1%2F2%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7Bk%5BA%5D_0%7D)
As half-life is inversely proportional to initial concentration, therefore, increase in concentration will decrease the half life. Therefore statement c is wrong.
d.
Plot between A and t is exponential, therefore there is no constant slope. Therefore, the statement d is wrong
Answer:
Explanation:
A buffer is defined as an aqueous mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base or vice versa.
In the systems:
H₂CO₃(aq) and KHCO₃(aq): Carbonic acid, H₂CO₃, is a weak acid that, in solution with its conjugate pair, HCO₃⁻ make a <em>buffer system.</em>
NaCl(aq) and NaOH(aq): NaCl is a salt and NaOH is a strong base. Thus, this system <em>is not </em> a buffer system.
H₂O(l) and HCl(aq): Water is a solvent and HCl a strong acid. This <em>is not </em>a buffer system.
HCl(aq) and NaOH(aq): HCl is a strong acid and NaOH a strong base. This <em>is not </em>a buffer system.
NaCl(aq) and NaNO₃(aq): Both NaCl and NaNO₃ are salts and this system <em>is not </em>a buffer system.
That wouod be the ionosphere!
The answer is the last option