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Rama09 [41]
3 years ago
7

Explain Mercury is the planet closest to the Sun. Why does it get so cold at night?

Biology
1 answer:
alexdok [17]3 years ago
6 0

Answer/Explanation: On Mercury temperatures can get as hot as 430 degrees Celsius during the day and as cold as -180 degrees Celsius at night.

Mercury is the planet in our solar system that sits closest to the sun. The distance between Mercury and the sun ranges from 46 million kilometers to 69.8 million kilometers. The earth sits at a comfy 150 million kilometers. This is one reason why it gets so hot on Mercury during the day.

The other reason is that Mercury has a very thin and unstable atmosphere. At a size about a third of the earth and with a mass (what we on earth see as ‘weight’) that is 0.05 times as much as the earth, Mercury just doesn’t have the gravity to keep gases trapped around it, creating an atmosphere. Due to the high temperature, solar winds, and the low gravity (about a third of earth’s gravity), gases keep escaping the planet, quite literally just blowing away.

Atmospheres can trap heat, that’s why it can still be nice and warm at night here on earth.

Mercury’s atmosphere is too thin, unstable and close to the sun to make any notable difference in the temperature.

Space is cold. Space is very cold. So cold in fact, that it can almost reach absolute zero, the point where molecules stop moving (and they always move). In space, the coldest temperature you can get is 2.7 Kelvin, about -270 degrees Celsius.

Sunlight reflected from other planets and moons, gases that move through space, the very thin atmosphere and the surface of Mercury itself are the main reasons that temperatures on Mercury don’t get lower than about -180 °C at night.

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In a population, surrounded with dark gray rocks, there lived 2 types of beetles, a gray beetle and a white beetle. In the start
Svetlanka [38]

Directional selection favors one of the extreme phenotypes over the other one. <u>Option C is correct</u>. Natural selection is the evolutive force, and 0.40, 0.40, and 0.20 are the new genotypic frequencies.

<h3>What is directional selection?</h3>

Directional selection is one type of natural selection. Let us remember that natural selection is an evolutive force.

Directional selection increases the proportion of individuals with an extreme phenotypic trait.

There must be a selective pressure or environmental pressure acting on populations to lead the species to increase the number of individuals expressing that extreme phenotype.

This selection presents more frequently in those cases in which interactions between living organisms and the environment modify in the same direction.

In the exposed example,

  • two original phenotypes ⇒ gray and white
  • substrate color ⇒  dark gray rocks
  • environmental pressure ⇒ birds preying on beetles

- Grey beetles managed to camouflage with rocks since their gray color was similar.

- White beetles were exposed on the dark gray rocks, so they were easily seen by birds.

- Predation by birds was an environmental pressure that had a stronger influence on the white phenotype.

Natural selection favored gray-colored beetles, who could survive and reproduce.

Assuming a diallelic gene expressing complete dominance codes for beetles color, we can suggest that the frequency of one of the homozygous genotypes increased, while the other decreased to near cero. Heterozygous individuals kept the allele coding for the white phenotype.

Among the options, <u>C is the correct one</u>. Natural selection is the evolutive force, and 0.40, 0.40, and 0.20 are the new genotypic frequencies.

You can learn more about natural selection and  directional selection at

brainly.com/question/9830102

brainly.com/question/12226774

#SPJ1

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2 years ago
According to the chart, which substance has the lowest OH- concentration?
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The correct answer is option (B) lemon juice.

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An acid has a high concentration of hydrogen ions (H+)  and a base has a low concentration of hydrogen ions. Higher the hydrogen ion concentration, pH is acidic. Among the given substances, lemon juice has a pH of 2, urine has a pH of 6, tomato juice has a pH of 4 and black coffee has a pH of 5.  Since lemon juice has a pH of 2, it has the lowest –OH ion concentration.

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Answer:

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