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3 years ago

Que fuerza será necesaria aplicar a un cuerpo de 20kg de masa para imprimirle una aceleración a=4m/s²

Physics

1 answer:

WARRIOR [948]3 years ago

4 0

Answer:

La fuerza que será necesaria aplicar a un cuerpo de 20kg de masa para imprimirle una aceleración a=4m/s² es 80 N.

Explanation:

La segunda ley de Newton, llamada ley fundamental o principio fundamental de la dinámica, plantea que un cuerpo se acelera si se le aplica una fuerza.

De esta manera, esta ley establece que las aceleraciones que experimenta un cuerpo son proporcionales a las fuerzas que recibe. Dicho de otra forma, la aceleración de un cuerpo es proporcional a la fuerza neta que se le aplica. Cuanto mayor es la fuerza que se le aplica a un objeto con una masa dada, mayor será su aceleración.

La segunda Ley de Newton se expresa matemáticamente como:

F = m*a

Donde:

F es la fuerza neta. Se expresa en Newton (N)
m es la masa del cuerpo. Se expresa en kilogramos (Kg.).
a es la aceleración que adquiere el cuerpo. Se expresa en metros sobre segundo al cuadrado (m/s²).

En este caso:

m= 20 kg
a= 4 m/s²

Reemplazando:

F= 20 kg* 4 m/s²

Resolviendo:

F= 80 N

La fuerza que será necesaria aplicar a un cuerpo de 20kg de masa para imprimirle una aceleración a=4m/s² es 80 N.

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3 years ago

A 150 g baseball is traveling horizontally at 50 m/s. If the ball takes 20 ms to stop once it is in contact with the catcher’s g

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To solve for force, you need to get the product of mass and acceleration.
F = ma

Your given is:
m = 150g
a = ?
v = 50 m/s
t = 20ms

As you can see, you do not have acceleration yet. But if you read the problem you can come up with the formula of acceleration.
Acceleration is the change in velocity over a period of time.

a = change in velocity/time

To get the change in velocity, you get the difference between the initial velocity and final velocity:

$a = \frac{vf-vi}{t}$

The ball was moving initially at a velocity of 50 m/s and it came to a stop. This is your clue. If a ball comes to a stop then that means that the final velocity of the ball is 0 m/s.

So we can put it into our formula now:

$a = \frac{0m/s-50m/s}{20ms}$

WAIT! As you can see, the units do not match. We have ms and s into our equation and that means you cannot proceed till they are the same. First we need to convert ms to s.

$20ms$ x $\frac{1s}{1000ms}$ = $\frac{20s}{1000} = 0.02s$

So your new time is 0.02s. Now we put this time into the formula:

$a = \frac{0m/s-50m/s}{0.02s}$
$a = \frac{-50m/s}{0.02s} = -2,500 m/ s^{2}$

As you can see our acceleration is a negative value, this indicates that it decelerated or slowed down which makes sense because it was brought to a stop.

So now we have our acceleration. Now using this, we can get our force.

$F= ma$

Before we start doing this, you need to take note that the unit of force is N, but when you expand it, it is $kg.m/ s^{2}$ but as you can see our mass given is in grams. So again, before you put them into the equation we need to change it into kg first.

$150g = \frac{1kg}{1,000g} = \frac{150kg}{1,000} = 0.150kg$

Our new mass is 0.150kg.

To make things clearer, let us write down all our new values:

m = 0.150kg
a = -2,500 $m/ s^{2}$

Now that all our units match, we can put that into our formula:

$F= ma$
$F= (0.150kg)(-2,500m/s^{2})$
$F = -375kg.m/ s^{2} or -375N$

The value again is negative because it is going against the initial direction of the ball. But if your instructor just wants to get the value of force or the magnitude of the force, just disregard the sign.

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