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Answer:
a. A buffer solution reacts with basic solutions.
c. A buffer solution reacts with acidic solutions.
e. A buffer solution resists small changes in pH
Explanation:
1. Buffer questions
a, c, and e are TRUE. A buffer resists a change in the pH when small amounts of a strong acid or base are added to it.
b is wrong. A buffer can have a pH of 7, but it can also have many other pH values.
d is wrong. Most buffers are colourless, and they resist a change in pH.
2. Titration curves
The solution is the best buffer at the mid-point of the titration curve.
In the figure below, the equivalence point is at 13 mL, so the mid-point is at 6.5 mL.
The solution is buffered at pH 3.2.
However, the solution is a buffer at any point in the range pH = 3.2 ± 1.
That would be in the range of 1 mL to 12 mL.
The buffering ability becomes worse the further you are from the mid-point of the titration.
<u>Answer:</u> The de-Broglie's wavelength of a hydrogen molecule is
<u>Explanation:</u>
Kinetic energy is the measure of temperature of the system.
The equation used to calculate kinetic energy of a particle follows:
where,
E = kinetic energy of the particles = ?
k = Boltzmann constant =
T = temperature of the particle = 30 K
Putting values in above equation, we get:
- Calculating the mass of 1 molecule of hydrogen gas:
Conversion factor used: 1 kg = 1000 g
1 mole of hydrogen gas has a mass of 2 grams or
According to mole concept:
number of molecules occupy 1 mole of a gas.
As, number of hydrogen molecules has a mass of
So, 1 molecule of hydrogen will have a mass of =
- To calculate the wavelength of a particle, we use the equation given by De-Broglie's wavelength, which is:
where,
= De-Broglie's wavelength = ?
h = Planck's constant =
m = mass of 1 hydrogen molecule =
= kinetic energy of the particle =
Putting values in above equation, we get:
(Conversion factor:
)
Hence, the de-Broglie's wavelength of a hydrogen molecule is