About 13.7 billion years ago
The Big Bang Theory states that the universe started about 13.7 billion years ago, and before that, everything was in 1 singularity.
Answer:
2.5 ohm
Explanation:
R' and R''' are parallel
So,
1/R1= 1/R' + 1/R'''
1/R1 = 1/2 + 1/2
1/R1 = 1
so,
R1= 1 ohm
Now R1 and R'' are in series
so,
R= R1 + R''
R= 1 + 1.5
R= 2.5 ohm
The basic relationship between frequency and wavelength for light (which is an electromagnetic wave) is

where c is the speed of light, f the frequency and

the wavelength of the wave.
Using

and

, we can find the value of the frequency:
Because Na⁺ ion lacks an electron and O²⁻ has two extra electrons extra, to balance the charge, we need 2 Na⁺ ions.
All ions, atoms and molecules want to get to the minimum energy state, and that state is when the ion, atom, or molecule is neutral, that's why all of them want to balance their charges.