<em>Diamond and graphite are allotropes of carbon and have various differences in their physical properties.</em>
Explanation:
<u>Diamond:</u>
- It is crystalline in nature
- Each Each C is
hybridized and forms 4 covalent binds with neighboring C atoms - The geometry is tetrahedral
- C-C bond length is 154 pm
- It has rigid covalent boning which is difficult to break.
- It acts as an electric insulator
<u>Graphite:</u>
-
It has layered structure
- Each C atom is sp2 hybridized and forms 3 sigma bonds with 3 other C atoms. Fourth electron forms pi bond.
-
The geometry is planar
- C-C bond length is 141.5 pm
- It is soft. Its layers can be separated easily
- It is good conductor of electricity.
This is the comparison of the physical properties of two forms of carbon: diamond and graphite
Answer:
Chemotherapy drugs and other toxins are actively pumped out of cancer cells by transmembrane proteins.
Explanation:
Drugs inside the cell can be inactivated by oxidation and / or conjugation with glutathione, such as glutathione S-transferases, playing an important role in detoxification. However, conjugation is not enough for drug elimination. And this is where the GS-X pumps appear. Transporter proteins, such as Mrp protein, act as GS-X pumps. The PgP, Mrp and Bcrp proteins function as expulsion pumps, thus reducing the intracellular accumulation of drugs, causing resistance in cancer cells.
Answer:
In the mid-nineteenth century, the actual mechanism for evolution was independently conceived of and described by two naturalists: Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace. Importantly, each naturalist spent time exploring the natural world on expeditions to the tropics. From 1831 to 1836, Darwin traveled around the world on H.M.S. Beagle, including stops in South America, Australia, and the southern tip of Africa. Wallace traveled to Brazil to collect insects in the Amazon rainforest from 1848 to 1852 and to the Malay Archipelago from 1854 to 1862. Darwin’s journey, like Wallace’s later journeys to the Malay Archipelago, included stops at several island chains, the last being the Galápagos Islands west of Ecuador. On these islands, Darwin observed species of organisms on different islands that were clearly similar, yet had distinct differences. For example, the ground finches inhabiting the Galápagos Islands comprised several species with a unique beak shape
Answer:
people think their the best and nobody is better than them or maybe the other person lacks something that they have
Explanation:
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