Answer:
C. Arrhenius
An Arrhenius base is a substance that dissociates in water to form hydroxide (OH–) ions. In other words, a base increases the concentration of OH– ions in an aqueous solution.
Explanation:
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The density is calculated as mass per volume, so if we want to solve for mass, we would multiply density by volume.
For Part A: if we have a density of 0.69 g/mL, and a volume of 280 mL, multiplying these will give a mass of: (0.69 g/mL)(280 mL) = 193.2 g. Rounded to 2 significant figures, this is 190 g gasoline.
For Part B: if we have a density of 0.79 g/mL, and a volume of 190 mL, multiplying these will give a mass of: (0.79 g/mL)(190 mL) = 150.1 g. Rounded to 2 significant figures, this is equal to 150 g ethanol.
The molality is calculated using the following rule:
molality = number of moles of solute / kg of solvent
From the periodic table:
molar mass of lithium = 6.941 gm
molar mass of chlorine = 35.453 gm
molar mass of LiCl = 6.941 + 35.453 = 42.394 gm
number of moles found in 42 gm = mass / molar mass = 42 / 42.394 = 0.99
molality = 0.99 / 3.6 = 0.275 m
