Answer:
Part 1
The mass of the NaCl that reacted with F₂ at 290.K and 1.5 atm is approximately 132.6 gams
Part 2
The mass of NaCl that can react with the same volume of gas at STP is approximately 93.77 grams
Explanation:
Part 1
The volume of F₂ gas in the reaction, V = 18.0 liters
The ideal gas equation is P·V = n·R·T
∴ n = P·V/(R·T)
The pressure, P = 1.5 atm
The temperature, T = 290 K
The universal gas constant, R = 0.0820573 L·atm/(mol·K)
∴ n = 1.5×18/(0.0820573 × 290) ≈ 1.134615
The number of moles of F₂ in the reaction n ≈ 1.134615 moles
The chemical reaction is given as follows;
F₂ + 2NaCl → Cl₂ + 2NaF
1 mole of F₂ reacts with 2 moles of NaCl
Therefore;
1.134615 moles of F₂ reacted with 2 × 1.134615 moles ≈ 2.26923 moles of NaCl
1 mole of NaCl = The molar mass of NaCl, MM = 58.44 g/mol
The mass, of 2.26923 moles of NaCl, m = Number of moles × MM
∴ m ≈ 2.26923 moles × 58.44 g/mol ≈ 132.6 grams
The mass of the NaCl ≈ 132.6 gams
Part 2
The volume occupied by 1 mole of all gases at STP = 22.4 l/mole
Therefore, the number of moles of F₂ in 18.0 L of F₂ = 18.0 L/(22.4 L/mole) ≈ 0.804 moles
Therefore;
The number of moles of NaCl, in the reaction n = 2 × The number of moles of F₂ ≈ 2×0.804 moles = 1.608 moles
The number of moles of NaCl, in the reaction n ≈ 1.608 moles
The mass of NaCl in the reaction, m = n × MM
∴ m ≈ 1.608 moles × 58.44 g/mol ≈ 93.97 grams
The mass of NaCl that can react with the same volume of gas at STP ≈ 93.77 grams
is the pressure of the gas,
is the volume of the gas,
is the number of moles of particles in this gas,
is the ideal gas constant, and
is the absolute temperature of the gas (in degrees Kelvins.)
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