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Hi, there!
The answer to your question is as follows:
Given that the valence electrons were removed or added to the following elements to fulfill the octet, barium's charge would be +2, iodine's -1, potassium's +1, and aluminum's +3.
I hope this helps!
The interaction between the two atoms of H in H2 with the lower energy corresponds to a covalent bond between hydrogen's.
When the two atoms of H form a bond, they are overlapping the individual orbitals to form a new one. Every hydrogen has 1 electron which sits in a 1s orbital and then form one molecular orbital. The energy of H2 is lower than individual hydrogens because the electrostatic interaction between them.
The answer is B
Vaporization