Answer:
a. 63.2%
b. 11.7%
c. 73.3%
d. 0.995%
e. 55.5%
Explanation:
An ionic compound is a compound that is formed by ions, so one of the elements must donate electrons (which is the cation, the positive ion), and the other will receive these electrons (which is the anion, the negative ion).
The power of an element has to attract the electrons is called electronegativity, and so, as higher is the difference of electronegative of the elements, it is more probable that one of them will "still" the electrons and will form an ionic compound. The percent of this ionic character can be found by the Pauling's equation:
*100%
Where 
is the electronegativity difference of the elements. Thus, consulting an electronegativity table:
a. 
= 1.5
= 3.5
*100%
%IC = 63.2%
b. 
= 1.6
= 2.1
*100%
%IC = 11.7%
c. 
= 0.7
= 3.0
*100%
%IC = 73.3%
d. 
= 1.7
= 1.9
*100%
%IC = 0.995 %
e. 
= 1.2
= 3.0
*100%
%IC = 55.5%
<h3><u>Answer;</u></h3>
Directly proportional
<h3><u>Explanation;</u></h3>
- <em><u>Concentration is one of the factors that determine the rate of a reaction. Reaction rates increases with increase in the concentration of the reactants, which means they are directly proportional.</u></em>
- An increase in the concentration of reactants produces more collisions and thus increasing the rate at which the reaction is taking place. Therefore, <u>Increasing the concentration of a reactant increases the frequency of collisions between reactants and will cause an increase in the rate of reaction.</u>
We know that when calculating percent yield, we use the equation:
Since the quantities that we are given in the question are equal, we can just directly divide them to find percent yield:
So now we know that the percent yield of the synthesis is 87.27%.
<h3>
Answer:</h3>
0.111 J/g°C
<h3>
Explanation:</h3>
We are given;
- Mass of the unknown metal sample as 58.932 g
- Initial temperature of the metal sample as 101°C
- Final temperature of metal is 23.68 °C
- Volume of pure water = 45.2 mL
But, density of pure water = 1 g/mL
- Therefore; mass of pure water is 45.2 g
- Initial temperature of water = 21°C
- Final temperature of water is 23.68 °C
- Specific heat capacity of water = 4.184 J/g°C
We are required to determine the specific heat of the metal;
<h3>Step 1: Calculate the amount of heat gained by pure water</h3>
Q = m × c × ΔT
For water, ΔT = 23.68 °C - 21° C
= 2.68 °C
Thus;
Q = 45.2 g × 4.184 J/g°C × 2.68°C
= 506.833 Joules
<h3>Step 2: Heat released by the unknown metal sample</h3>
We know that, Q = m × c × ΔT
For the unknown metal, ΔT = 101° C - 23.68 °C
= 77.32°C
Assuming the specific heat capacity of the unknown metal is c
Then;
Q = 58.932 g × c × 77.32°C
= 4556.62c Joules
<h3>Step 3: Calculate the specific heat capacity of the unknown metal sample</h3>
- We know that, the heat released by the unknown metal sample is equal to the heat gained by the water.
4556.62c Joules = 506.833 Joules
c = 506.833 ÷4556.62
= 0.111 J/g°C
Thus, the specific heat capacity of the unknown metal is 0.111 J/g°C
