Answer:
b) total energy input equals total energy output
Explanation:
The first law of thermodynamics is a generalization of the conservation of energy in thermal processes. It is based on Joule's conclusion that heat and energy are equivalent. But to get there you have to get around some traps along the way.
From Joule's conclusion we might be tempted to call heat "internal" energy associated with temperature. We could then add heat to the potential and kinetic energies of a system, and call this sum the total energy, which is what it would conserve. In fact, this solution works well for a wide variety of phenomena, including Joule's experiments. Problems arise with the idea of heat "content" of a system. For example, when a solid is heated to its melting point, an additional "heat input" causes the melting but without increasing the temperature. With this simple experiment we see that simply considering the thermal energy measured only by a temperature increase as part of the total energy of a system will not give a complete general law.
Instead of "heat," we can use the concept of internal energy, that is, an energy in the system that can take forms not directly related to temperature. We can then use the word "heat" to refer only to a transfer of energy between a system and its environment. Similarly, the term work will not be used to describe something contained in the system, but describes a transfer of energy from one system to another. Heat and work are, therefore, two ways in which energy is transferred, not energies.
In an isolated system, that is, a system that does not exchange matter or energy with its surroundings, the total energy must remain constant. If the system exchanges energy with its environment but not matter (what is called a closed system), it can do so only in two ways: a transfer of energy either in the form of work done on or by the system, either in the form of heat to or from the system. In the event that there is energy transfer, the change in the energy of the system must be equal to the net energy gained or lost by the environment.
Explanation:
Gas pedal is not required to used on friction less surface. On a friction less surface once the car is started and caused to move, car continues to move with same velocity as there is no opposing force. Therefore, no pressing of gas pedal required. However, this situation is not possible in real life, as friction is always present.
Answer:
A stronger force changes increases velocity more due to increased acceleration on the object if the mass is constant as compared to a weaker force.
Explanation:
Force affects how objects behave in terms of motion, direction, shape etc. When an object is in a state of rest, then force is applied, the object starts to move is a particular direction. Increase in the force applied will make the object to speed up which is to say the velocity will increase.
<u>For example:</u>
When a ball is kicked with a player with a force of 10 N the velocity of the ball is recorded to be 3 m/s. When the player is replaced with a kid the force on the ball is 2 N and its velocity is recorded to be 0.3 m/s.
<u>Reasoning</u>
Increased in force applied on an object increases its acceleration resulting to a higher velocity of the object.
F= m * a --------if mass is constant , increased force will increase acceleration and speed up the object.
Answer:
The probability for the proportion of apples with diameters less than 3.5 inches is 0.1056.
Explanation:
For a normal distribution, z score is calculated using this formula: (X-μ)/σx
Where Mean, μ = 4
Standard deviation, σ = 0.400
The probability for the proportion of apples with diameters less than 3.5 inches is expressed below:
Probability = P(X<3.5)
= P(Z<-1.25)
Probability = 0.1056
