Answer:

Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The electric filed is
Generally according to Gauss law
=> 
Given that the electric field is pointing downward , the equation become

Here
is the excess charge on the surface of the earth
is the surface area of the of the earth which is mathematically represented as

Where r is the radius of the earth which has a value 
substituting values


So

Here
s the permitivity of free space with value

substituting values


Answer: the earth
Explanation: ask your teacher
Option (b) is correct.The index of refraction for the glass is 1.52
Explanation:
velocity of light in vacuum= C= 2.99 x 10⁸m/s
Velocity of light in glass = V= 1.97 x 10⁸m/s
The refractive index is given by n=
n= 2.99 x 10⁸/1.97 x 10⁸m/s
n= 1.52
Thus the refractive index of glass is 1.52
In an exothermic reaction, there is a transfer of energy to the surroundings in the form of heat energy. The surroundings of the reaction will experience an increase in temperature. Many types of chemical reactions are exothermic, including combustion reactions, respiration & neutralization reactions of bases & acids.
The acceleration of the object which moves from an initial step to a full halt given the distance traveled can be calculated through the equation,
d = v² / 2a
where d is distance, v is the velocity, and a is acceleration
Substituting the known values,
180 = (22.2 m/s)² / 2(a)
The value of a is equal to 1.369 m/s²
The force needed for the object to be stopped is equal to the product of the mass and the acceleration.
F = (1300 kg)(1.369 m/s²)
F = 1779.7 N