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igomit [66]
3 years ago
10

Alden, a passenger on a yacht moored 15 miles due north of a straight, east-west

Physics
1 answer:
Ghella [55]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

To minimize the travel time from the yacht to the hospital, the motorboat should head in a direction of 12.83 degrees west of south.

Explanation:

If we assume that both the motorboat and ambulance will be moving at a constant speed, we can calculate the time that each one will take to travel a given distance using the following equation:

time=\frac{distance}{speed}

Then the total travel time from the yacht to the hospital will be the motorboat travel time plus the ambulance travel time

t=t_m+t_a

t=\frac{d_m}{s_m} +\frac{d_a}{s_a}

First we must write the total travel time in terms of the motorboat's direction (Θ).

cos(\theta)=\frac{15}{d_m}

d_m=\frac{15}{cos(\theta)}=15 sec(\theta)

d_a=60-d_1

tan(\theta)=\frac{d_1}{15}

d_1=15tan(\theta)

d_a=60-15tan(\theta)

t=t_m+t_a

t=\frac{d_m}{s_m} +\frac{d_a}{s_a}

t=\frac{15sec(\theta)}{20} + \frac{60-15tan(\theta)}{90}

t=\frac{15}{20}sec(\theta) + \frac{60}{90}-\frac{15}{90}tan(\theta)

t=\frac{3}{4}sec(\theta)-\frac{1}{6}tan(\theta) + \frac{2}{3}

 

So this last equation represents the variation of the total travel time as a function of the motorboat's direction.

To find the equation's minimum point (which would be the direction with the minimum total travel time), we must find \frac{dt}{d\theta} and then find its roots (its x-interceptions).

\frac{dt}{d\theta}=\frac{d}{d\theta} (\frac{3}{4}sec(\theta)-\frac{1}{6}tan(\theta) + \frac{2}{3})

\frac{dt}{d\theta}=\frac{3}{4}sec(\theta)tan(\theta)-\frac{1}{6}sec^2(\theta)

\frac{dt}{d\theta}=sec(\theta)(\frac{3}{4}tan(\theta)-\frac{1}{6}sec(\theta))

Now let's find the values of x which make \frac{dt}{d\theta}=0

\frac{dt}{d\theta}=sec(\theta)(\frac{3}{4}tan(\theta)-\frac{1}{6}sec(\theta))=0

As sec(\theta) is never equal to zero, then \frac{dt}{d\theta} would be zero when

\frac{3}{4}tan(\theta)=\frac{1}{6}sec(\theta)

Graphing both equations we can find their interceptions and this would the value we're looking for.

In the attached images we can see that \theta=0.224 rad=12.83° is the minimum point for t(\theta). Then, to minimize the travel time from the yacht to the hospital, the motorboat should head in a direction of 12.83 degrees west of south.

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