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tangare [24]
2 years ago
15

This is the chemical formula for acetic acid (the chemical that gives the sharp taste to vinegar): An analytical chemist has det

ermined by measurements that there are moles of oxygen in a sample of acetic acid. How many moles of hydrogen are in the sample
Chemistry
1 answer:
murzikaleks [220]2 years ago
3 0

Answer:

0.11 mol

Explanation:

<em>This is the chemical formula for acetic acid (the chemical that gives the sharp taste to vinegar): CH₃CO₂H. An analytical chemist has determined by measurements that there are 0.054 moles of oxygen in a sample of acetic acid. How many moles of hydrogen are in the sample?</em>

Step 1: Given data

  • Formula of acetic acid: CH₃CO₂H
  • Moles of oxygen in the sample of acetic acid: 0.054 moles

Step 2: Establish the appropriate molar ratio

According to the chemical formula of acetic acid, the molar ratio of H to O is 4:2.

Step 3: Calculate the moles of atoms of hydrogen

We will use the theoretical molar ratio for acetic acid.

0.054 mol O × (4 mol H/2 mol O) = 0.11 mol H

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Hydrofluoric acid and Water react to form fluoride anion and hydronium cation, like this HF(aq) + H_2O(l) rightarrow F(aq) + H_3
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Answer:

Kc = 1.09x10⁻⁴

Explanation:

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<em>H₃O⁺ = 0.110g</em>

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To solve this question we need to find the moles of each reactant in order to solve the molar concentration of each reactan and replacing in the Kc expression. For the reaction, the Kc is:

Kc = [H₃O⁺] [F⁻] / [HF]

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[H₃O⁺] = 0.110g * (1mol /19.01g) = 0.00579moles / 5.6L = 1.03x10⁻³M

[F⁻] = 0.163g * (1mol /19.0g) = 0.00858moles / 5.6L = 1.53x10⁻³M

[HF] = 1.62g * (1mol /20g) = 0.081moles / 5.6L = 0.0145M

Kc = [1.03x10⁻³M] [1.53x10⁻³M] / [0.0145M]

<h3>Kc = 1.09x10⁻⁴</h3>
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3 years ago
What are the prefixes for molecular compounds?
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Answer:

In nomenclature of simple molecular compounds, the more electropositive atom is written first and the more electronegative element is written last with an -ide suffix.

The Greek prefixes are used to dictate the number of a given element present in a molecular compound.

Prefixes can be shortened when the ending vowel of the prefix “conflicts” with a starting vowel in the compound.

Common exceptions exist for naming molecular compounds, where trivial or common names are used instead of systematic names, such as ammonia (NH3) instead of nitrogen trihydride or water (H2O) instead of dihydrogen monooxide.

Terms

nomenclatureA set of rules used for forming the names or terms in a particular field of arts or sciences.

electronegativeTending to attract electrons within a chemical bond.

electropositiveTending to not attract electrons (repel) within a chemical bond.

Chemical Nomenclature

The primary function of chemical nomenclature is to ensure that a spoken or written chemical name leaves no ambiguity concerning to what chemical compound the name refers. Each chemical name should refer to a single substance. Today, scientists often refer to chemicals by their common names: for example, water is not often called dihydrogen oxide. However, it is important to be able to recognize and name all chemicals in a standardized way. The most widely accepted format for nomenclature has been established by IUPAC.

Molecular compounds are made when two or more elements share electrons in a covalent bond to connect the elements. Typically, non-metals tend to share electrons, make covalent bonds, and thus, form molecular compounds.

Rules for Naming Molecular Compounds:

Remove the ending of the second element, and add “ide” just like in ionic compounds.

When naming molecular compounds prefixes are used to dictate the number of a given element present in the compound. ” mono-” indicates one, “di-” indicates two, “tri-” is three, “tetra-” is four, “penta-” is five, and “hexa-” is six, “hepta-” is seven, “octo-” is eight, “nona-” is nine, and “deca” is ten.

If there is only one of the first element, you can drop the prefix. For example, CO is carbon monoxide, not monocarbon monoxide.

If there are two vowels in a row that sound the same once the prefix is added (they “conflict”), the extra vowel on the end of the prefix is removed. For example, one oxygen would be monooxide, but instead it’s monoxide. The extra o is dropped.

Generally, the more electropositive atom is written first, followed by the more electronegative atom with an appropriate suffix. For example, H2O (water) can be called dihydrogen monoxide (though it’s not usually). Organic molecules (molecules made of C and H along with other elements) do not follow this rule.

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