A student was traveling to see his grandmother who lives 15 miles north oh his home he started from rest and maintained a pace o
1 answer:
Explanation:
Given parameters:
Distance = 15miles north = 24140.2m
Initial velocity = 0m/s
Final velocity = 4m/s
Unknown:
Speed, velocity and acceleration = ?
Solution:
The speed is the distance divide by time. It is a scalar quantity and has no directional attribute.
Speed =
The speed of the student is 4m/s
Velocity is the displacement divided by time. It is a vector quantity which specifies the direction and magnitude;
Velocity =
The velocity of the student is 4m/s due north
Acceleration is the change in velocity with time;
To find the acceleration, we use
v² = u² + 2as
v is the final velocity
u is the initial velocity
a is the acceleration
s is the distance
4² = 0² + 2x a x 24140.2
a = = 0.00033m/s²
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a) The impulse is 76.5 Ns
b) The average force is 546.4 N
c) The final speed is 31.5 m/s
Explanation:
a)
The impulse exerted on an object is defined as
where
F is the magnitude of the force exerted on the object
is the time interval during which the force is applied
If we consider a graph of the force applied vs time, it follows that the impulse exerted is equal to the area under the graph.
Therefore, in this problem, we can calculate the impulse by computing the area under the graph. We have a trapezium, whose bases are
and whose height is
Therefore, the area (and the impulse) is
b)
In this problem, the force applied is not constant. However, we can rewrite the impulse also as
where
is the average force exerted during the whole time
In this problem we have
J = 76.5 Ns is the impulse (calculated in part a)
is the time interval
Solving for the average force, we find
c)
According to the impulse theorem, the impulse exerted on an object is equal to the change in momentum of the object:
where
m is the mass of the object
v is the final velocity
u is the initial velocity
In this problem, we have
J = 76.5 Ns
m = 3.0 kg is the mass
u = 6.0 m/s is the initial velocity
Solving for v, we find the final velocity (and speed):
Learn more about impulse and momentum:
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