Answer: critical angle, sin^-1 (n2/n1)
Explanation: the angle of incidence at which the retracted ray makes an angle of 90° with the normal is known as the critical angle.
Snell's law defined refraction mathematically as shown below
n1 sin θi = n2 sin θr
n1 = refractive index of the first medium
n2 = refractive index of the second medium
θi = angle of incidence
θr = angle of refraction
When the refrafted ray is perpendicular to the normal, the angle of refraction (θr) is 90° hence making the angle of incidence (θi) the critical angle θc
By substituting these conditions into the Snell's law, we have that
n1 sin θc = n2 sin 90
According to trigonometry, the value of sin 90 is 1, hence we have that
n1 sin θc =n2
sin θc = n2/n1
θc = sin^-1 (n2/n1)
Answer:
Yes, if the two carts are moving into opposite directions
Explanation:
The total momentum of the system of two carts is given by:

where
m1, m2 are the masses of the two carts
v1, v2 are the velocities of the two carts
Let's remind that v (the velocity) is a vector, so its sign depends on the direction in which the cart is moving.
We want to know if it is possible that the total momentum of the system can be zero, so it must be:

From this equation, we see that this condition can only occur if v1 and v2 have opposite signs. Opposite signs mean opposite directions: therefore, the total momentum can be zero if the two carts are moving into opposite directions.
Answer:
The circular loop experiences a constant force which is always directed towards the center of the loop and tends to compress it.
Explanation:
Since the magnetic field, B points in my direction and the current, I is moving in a clockwise direction, the current is always perpendicular to the magnetic field and will thus experience a constant force, F = BILsinФ where Ф is the angle between B and L.
Since the magnetic field is in my direction, it is perpendicular to the plane of the circular loop and thus perpendicular to L where L = length of circular loop. Thus Ф = 90° and F = BILsin90° = BIL
According to Fleming's left-hand rule, the fore finger representing the magnetic field, the middle finger represent in the current and the thumb representing the direction of force on the circular loop.
At each point on the circular loop, the force is always directed towards the center of the loop and thus tends to compress it.
<u>So, the circular loop experiences a constant force which is always directed towards the center of the loop and tends to compress it.</u>
False. Since the forces are pulling in equal and opposite directions, the net force is 0.
A block and tackle or only tackle is a system of two or more pulleys with a rope or cable threaded between them, usually used to lift heavy loads.