Answer:
-21 kJ·mol⁻¹
Explanation:
Data:
H₃O⁺ + OH⁻ ⟶ 2H₂O
V/mL: 50 50
c/mol·dm⁻³: 1.0 1.0
ΔT = 4.5 °C
C = 4.184 J·°C⁻¹g⁻¹
C_cal = 50 J·°C⁻¹
Calculations:
(a) Moles of acid
So, we have 0.050 mol of reaction
(b) Volume of solution
V = 50 dm³ + 50 dm³ = 100 dm³
(c) Mass of solution
(d) Calorimetry
There are three energy flows in this reaction.
q₁ = heat from reaction
q₂ = heat to warm the water
q₃ = heat to warm the calorimeter
q₁ + q₂ + q₃ = 0
nΔH + mCΔT + C_calΔT = 0
0.050ΔH + 100×4.184×4.5 + 50×4.5 = 0
0.050ΔH + 1883 + 225 = 0
0.050ΔH + 2108 = 0
0.050ΔH = -2108
ΔH = -2108/0.0500
= -42 000 J/mol
= -42 kJ/mol
This is the heat of reaction for the formation of 2 mol of water
The heat of reaction for the formation of mol of water is -21 kJ·mol⁻¹.
We need to increase the concentration of common ion first, in order to promote the common ion effect
<h3>What is the Common ion effect?</h3>
It is an effect that suppresses the dissociation of salt due to the addition of another salt having common ions.
For example, a saturated solution of silver chloride in equilibrium has Ag⁺ and Cl⁻ . Sodium Chloride is added to the solution and has a common ion Cl⁻. As a result, the equilibrium shifts to the left to form more silver chloride. Thus, solubility of AgCl decreases.
The Equilibrium law states that if a process is in equilibrium and is subjected to a change
- in temperature,
- pressure,
- the concentration of reactant or product,
then the equilibrium shifts in a particular direction, according to the condition.
Thus, an increase in the concentration of common ion promotes the common ion effect.
Learn more about common ion effect:
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The vertical columns are groups
The horizontal rows are periods
spindle fibers
i think the next is two nuclei and still together but that stage is not anaphase. Anaphase is when the sister chromatids are pulled apart
Answer:
Radiation is energy. It can come from unstable atoms that undergo radioactive decay, or it can be produced by machines. Radiation travels from its source in the form of energy waves or energized particles. There are different forms of radiation and they have different properties and effects.
Explanation:
