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The removal of vegetation causes the desertification and erosion of soil. The roots of the plants that are inside the soil create a sort of net that prevents the material to be dragged by the water from the rain. They also absorb any excess water that can weaken the soil structure. If vegetation is removed from the soil, the nutrients can be dragged by water currents and slowly the desertification will occur.
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Two physical systems are in thermal equilibrium if no heat flows between them when they are connected by a path permeable to heat. Thermal equilibrium obeys the zeroth law of thermodynamics. A system is said to be in thermal equilibrium with itself if the temperature within the system is spatially and temporally uniform.
Systems in thermodynamic equilibrium are always in thermal equilibrium, but the converse is not always true. If the connection between the systems allows transfer of energy as heat but does not allow transfer of matter or transfer of energy as work, the two systems may reach thermal equilibrium without reaching thermodynamic equilibrium.
Electromagnetic radiation is an energy that is known as light. so electromagnetic radiation will have the same speed as the speed of light which is 3 x 10^8 m/s. so the distance it travel at 55 x 10^-6 s is:
D = ( 3 x 10^8 m/s ) ( 55 x 10^-6 s )
D = 16500 m
The electron is accelerated through a potential difference of

, so the kinetic energy gained by the electron is equal to its variation of electrical potential energy:

where
m is the electron mass
v is the final speed of the electron
e is the electron charge

is the potential difference
Re-arranging this equation, we can find the speed of the electron before entering the magnetic field:

Now the electron enters the magnetic field. The Lorentz force provides the centripetal force that keeps the electron in circular orbit:

where B is the intensity of the magnetic field and r is the orbital radius. Since the radius is r=25 cm=0.25 m, we can re-arrange this equation to find B: