Answer:
209.66 m
Explanation:
Given:
Original length of the spaceship, L = 481 m
Speed of the spaceship, v = 2.70 × 10⁸ m/s
Now,
using the concept of length contraction, we have

where,
L' is the observed length
c is the speed of the light
Thus,
on substituting the respective values, we get

or
L' = 209.66 m
Answer:
Catastrophic theories
Explanation:
The theory of catastrophe is a collection of methods used to analyze and describe the ways in which a system can experience sudden significant behavioral changes when one or more of the variables that govern it are continuously modified.
Georges Louis de Buffon suggested in 1745 the first destructive theory — that a comet pulled material from the Sun to form the planets.
Therefore the answer is -
Catastrophic theories
Reflection and refraction are two different phenomenons. In case of reflection, wave bounces back into the same medium after incident with the interface of two mediums. Reflection will happen if surface is shiny as well as smooth. If surface is irregular, one will get diffused reflection. Refraction means bending of light when waves travel from one medium to another
Answer:
The image is produced 60 cm behind the mirror
The focal length of the mirror is 30 cm
Explanation:
u = Object distance = 20 cm
v = Image distance
f = Focal length
m = Magnification = 3

The image is produced 60 cm behind the mirror

The focal length of the mirror is 30 cm