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2 years ago

What is the friction factor for fully developed flow in a circular pipe where Reynolds number is 1000

1 answer:

Pie2 years ago

7 0

Shear stress decreases along the flow direction. That is why the pressure drop is highest in the entrance region of a pipe, which increases the average friction factor for the whole pipe. ... In fully developed region the pressure gradient and the shear stress in flow are in balance.

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Rosalind franklin<br> What was she famous for

liq [111]

Answer:

She was known for her work on X-ray diffraction images of DNA, which led to the discovery of the DNA double helix for which Francis Crick, James Watson, and Maurice Wilkins shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1962.

Explanation:

5 0

3 years ago

Assume a program requires the execution of 50 x 10^6 FP instructions, 110 x 10^6 INT instructions, 80 x 10^6 Load/Store (L/S) in

Svetradugi [14.3K]

Answer:

We can not improve CPI of FP instructions when we run the program two times faster because it would be negative.

Explanation:

Processor clock rate = 2 GHz

Execution Time = ∑ $(\frac{Clock cyles}{Clock rate})$

Clock cycles can be determined using following formula

Clock cycles = ( $CPI_{FP}$ x No. FP instructions )+ ( $CPI_{INT}$ x No. INT instructions) + ( $CPI_{L/S}$ x No. L/S instructions ) + ( $CPI_{branch}$ x No. branch instructions)

Clock cycles = ( 50 x $10^{6}$ x 1) + ( 110 x $10^{6}$ x 1) + ( 80 x $10^{6}$ x 4) + ( 16 x $10^{6}$ x 2)

Clock cycles = 512 x 10⁶

So,Initial Execution time for FP instructions is,

= $\frac{512(10^{6}) }{2(10^{9}) }$

Initial execution Time = 256 x 10⁻³

For 16 processors ,

clock cycle = 512 x 10⁶

Execution Time = 256 x 10⁻³

To run the program two times faster, half the number of clock cycles

( $\frac{Clockcycles}{2}$ )= ( $CPI_{FP}$ x No. FP instructions )+ ( $CPI_{INT}$ x No. INT instructions) + ( $CPI_{L/S}$ x No. L/S instructions ) + ( $CPI_{branch}$ x No. branch instructions)

$CPI_{FP improved}$ x No. FP instructions = ( $\frac{Clockcycles}{2}$ ) -[ ( $CPI_{INT}$ x No. INT instructions) + ( $CPI_{L/S}$ x No. L/S instructions ) + ( $CPI_{branch}$ x No. branch instructions)]

$CPI_{FP improved}$ x 50 x $10^{6}$ = ( $\frac{512(10)^{6} }{2}$ ) - [ ( 110 x $10^{6}$ x 1) + ( 80 x $10^{6}$ x 4) + ( 16 x $10^{6}$ x 2)]

$CPI_{FP improved}$ x 50 x $10^{6}$ = - 206 x $10^{6}$

$CPI_{FP improved}$ = - 206 x $10^{6}$ / 50 x $10^{6}$

$CPI_{FP improved}$ = - 4.12 < 0

3 0

3 years ago

Given the inherent costs of regulation it is safe to say that there is always a negative economic impact associated with regulat

Alexus [3.1K]

the answer is true. <u> </u>

6 0

2 years ago

Open the"stateData3.c" program and try to understand how the tokenization works. If you open the input file "stateData.txt", you

babymother [125]

Answer:

Kindly see explaination

Explanation:

Code

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

#include<string.h>

#define size 200

int main(void)

{

int const numStates = 50;

char tempBuffer[size];

char tmp[size];

char fileName[] = "stateData.txt"; // Name of the text file (input file) which contains states and its populations

char outFile[] = "stateDataOutput1.txt"; // Output file name

// Open the input file, quit if it fails...

FILE *instream = fopen(fileName, "r");

/* Output File variable */

FILE *opstream;

if(instream == NULL) {

fprintf(stderr, "Unable to open file: %s\n", fileName);

exit(1);

}

//TODO: Open the output file in write ("w") mode

/* Opening output file in write mode */

opstream = fopen(outFile, "w");

//TODO: Read the file, line by line and write each line into the output file

//Reading data from file

while(fgets(tmp, size, instream) != NULL)

{

//Writing data to file

fputs(tmp, opstream);

}

// Close the input file

fclose(instream);

//TODO: Close the output file

/* Closing output file */

fclose(opstream);

return 0;

}

5 0

3 years ago

In a paragraph of 125 words, explain at least three ways that engineers explore possible solutions in their

joja [24]

Answer:

Three ways that engineers explore possible solutions in their projects are;

1) Prototyping

2) Simulation

3) Calculations

Explanation:

1) Prototyping is the process of experimental testing of samples of design, or model of a product with the possibility of the inclusion of control of parameters in order to determine the workability of a solution.

2) Simulation is the process of creating an imitation of a situation, operation or process which can be used to determine if a particular solution will be able to work as required in the simulated environment of a problem.

3) Calculations are used to find preliminary results of particular situations, their cause and effects based on scientific laws, theories and hypothesis such that the factor of the problem is equated with the available ideas to find the best possible solution.

3 0

2 years ago