In general, the further away an electron is from the nucleus, the easier it is for it to be expelled. In other words, ionization energy is a function of atomic radius; the larger the radius, the smaller the amount of energy required to remove the electron from the outer most orbital. For example, it would be far easier to take electrons away from the larger element of Ca (Calcium) than it would be from one where the electrons are held tighter to the nucleus, like Cl (Chlorine). Hope this helped a little not the exact answer though :)
Answer:
<h2>Oxygen has six valence electrons, two in the 2s subshell and four in the 2p subshell.</h2>
<h3>Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell, or energy level, of an atom. </h3>
<h3>Configuration of oxygen's valence electrons as 2s²2p⁴.</h3>
Explanation:
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Answer:
See explaination
Explanation:
Going by the clues that it is between Silver Flouride (AgF) and Sodium Fluoride (NaF) and since it is an aqueous solution , the 1 liter bottle is likely to be Sodium Chloride( NaCl). Going by the reaction,
AgF + NaCl= AgCl + NaF
Here, the color of AgCl is white, hence the solution cannot be AgCl.
Determination of NaCl
Determination of NaCl can be done by Mohr's Method or Volhard's method. But results in Volhard's method are more accurate . Its uses the method of back titration with Potassium Thiocynate which forms a AgCl precipitate . Prior to titration,excess AgNO3 ( The problem also has a clue that excess reagents are present in the lab ) is added to the NaCl solution so that all the Cl- ions react with Ag+. Fe3+ is then added as an indicator and the solution is titrated with KSCN to form a silver thiocyannite precipitate (AgSCN). Once all the silver has reacted, a slight excess of SCN- reacts with Fe3+ to form Fe(SCN)3 dark red complex. The concentration of Cl- is determined by subtracting the titer findings of Ag+ ions that reacted to form AgSCN from the Ag NO3 moles added to the solution. This is used because pH of the solution is acidic. If the pH of solution is basic, Mohr's method is used.
Reactions
Ag+ (aq)+ Cl-(aq) = AgCl(aq)
Ag+(aq) + SCN-(aq) = AgSCN(aq)
Fe3+(aq) + SCN-(aq) = [FeSCN]2- (aq)
