(B) The balloon will rise because the upward buoyant force is greater than its weight.
Explanation:
In order to evaluate what happens to the balloon, we need to compare the magnitude of the two forces acting on the balloon:
- Its weight, W, acting downward
- The buoyant force, B, acting upward
The weight of the balloon is given by:

where
m = 2.0 kg is the mass of the balloon
is the acceleration of gravity
Substituting,

The buoyant force on the balloon is given by:

where
is the air density
is the balloon's volume
is the acceleration of gravity
Substituting,

We observe that the buoyant force B is larger than the weight, so the balloon will accelerate upward, and the correct answer is
(B) The balloon will rise because the upward buoyant force is greater than its weight.
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