valance electrons that reside in the outermost shell of an atom in the highest energy level. They are important to atoms because the fewer valence electrons that the atom holds, it becomes less stable.
I take honors chemistry I hope this helps.
The formation of chemical bonds occurs due to the attractive forces between oppositely charged ions (ionic bonds) or by sharing of electrons (covalent bonds).
An atom having tendency of attracting a shared pair of electrons towards itself and this chemical property is said to Electronegativity .
Thus, the attractive forces which draws in surrounding electrons for chemical bonds is electronegativity.
Answer:
B. Ca2+ import into the ER because it has the steeper concentration gradient
Explanation:
ΔGt = RT㏑(C₂/C₁)
where ΔGt is the free energy change for transport; R = 8.315 J/mol; T = 298 K; C₂/C₁ is ratio of concentrations inside and outside each organelle.
For Ca²⁺ import
ΔGt = 8.315 J/mol * 298 K * ㏑(10⁻³/10⁻⁷)
ΔGt= 3.42 kJ/mol
For H⁺ import
ΔGt = 8.315 J/mol * 298 K * ㏑ (10⁻⁴/10⁻⁷)
ΔGt = 2.73 kJ/mol
From the above values, ΔGt is greater for Ca²⁺ import because it has a steeper concentration gradient
Answer:
There are three types of mechanical waves: transverse, longitudinal, and surface waves. They differ in how particles of the medium move. ... In a longitudinal wave, particles of the medium vibrate back and forth parallel to the direction of the wave.
Explanation:
alright, sum leaves have large air pockets inside that allow the plant to absorb oxygen from the water from rain or puddles
