In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions the hydroxyl group is an o,p-director because: hydroxyl group donates the electron density to the ring by induction and destabilizes the meta sigma complex and by resonance and it stabilizes the ortho and para sigma complexes of aromatic ring .
Most ring activators have atoms with unshared electron pairs directly attached to a carbon atom of the benzene ring . For example, the — OH group has two pairs of unshared electrons on the oxygen atom , which will form a bond to a carbon atom of the benzene ring . Thus , the — OH group will be an activating group in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions .
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CL
Chlorine<span>
</span>You wiil find in periodic table :)
Protons = Atomic number
Protons + Neutrons = Mass Number
Protons = 20
Neutrons = Atomic number - Mass number
Neutrons = 82 - 20 = 62
A. A set of steps that help scientists gather knowledge
Answer:
“And” indicates that both statements of the compound sentence are true at the same time. It is the overlap or intersection of the solution sets for the individual statements.
Explanation:
