C) total linear momentum of the ball and cannon is conserved.
Basically it happens that in the beginning before there is a momentum acting on the two bodies, these are a unique system. Here the total momentum of the System is 0. However, when the positive momentum of the cannonball is added, the system will be immediately affected by a negative momentum which will pull back the cannon. Could this be extrapolated as a condition of Newton's third law.
For the first question, you got them right, for the two you left blank, initial(beginning) velocity: 2 m/s the final velocity is: 12 m/s
An action-reaction pair would be a pair in which one of the elements exerts a force on the other element (action), and then the other element would respond to this force by exerting another force in the opposite direction (reaction).
From the given choices, we will see that:
For choice A, the moon exerts a force on the earth by pulling it (action) and the earth responds to this force by pulling the moon (reaction in opposite direction of the action).
Therefore, the correct choice would be:
A. <span>The Moon Pulls on Earth, and Earth pulls back on the moon.</span>
