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Ilya [14]
2 years ago
10

What is the energy change when 78.0 g of Hg melt at −38.8°C

Chemistry
1 answer:
adell [148]2 years ago
5 0

Answer:

The correct answer is - 2.557 KJ

Explanation:

In this case, Hg is melting, the process is endothermic, so the energy change will have a positive sign.

we can calculate this energy by the following formula:

Q = met

where, m = mass,

e = specific heat

t = temperature

then,

Q = 78*0.14* (273-38.8)

here 0.14 = C(Hg)

= 2.557 Kj

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Answer:

  • final temperature (T2) = 748.66 K
  • ΔU = w = 5620.26 J
  • ΔH = 9367.047 J
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Explanation:

ideal gas:

  • PV = RTn

reversible adiabatic compression:

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∴ q = 0

∴ w = - PδV

⇒ δU = δw

⇒ CvδT = - PδV

ideal gas:

⇒ PδV + VδP = RδT

⇒ PδV = RδT - VδP = - CvδT

⇒ RδT - RTn/PδP = - CvδT

⇒ (R + Cv,m)∫δT/T = R∫δP/P

⇒ [(R + Cv,m)/R] Ln (T2/T1) = Ln (P2/P1) = Ln (1 E6/1 E5) = 2.303

∴ (R + Cv,m)/R = (R + (3/2)R)/R = 5/2R/R = 2.5

⇒ Ln(T2/T1) = 2.303 / 2.5 = 0.9212

⇒ T2/T1 = 2.512

∴ T1 = 298 K

⇒ T2 = (298 K)×(2.512)

⇒ T2 = 748.66 K

⇒ ΔU = Cv,mΔT

⇒ ΔU = (3/2)R(748.66 - 298)

∴ R = 8.314 J/K.mol

⇒ ΔU = 5620.26 J

⇒ w = 5620.26 J

  • H = U + nRT

⇒ ΔH = ΔU + nRΔT

⇒ ΔH = 5620.26 J + (1 mol)(8.314 J/K.mol)(450.66 K)

⇒ ΔH = 5620.26 J + 3746.787 J

⇒ ΔH = 9367.047 J

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8 0
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