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3 years ago

Provide the IUPAC names for

Chemistry

1 answer:

ollegr [7]3 years ago

6 0

Answer:

For a: The IUPAC name of the compound is N-ethylethaneamide.

For b: The IUPAC name of the compound is N,N-diethylmethaneamide.

For c: The IUPAC name of the compound is ethyl pentanoate

Explanation:

To name a compound, first look for the longest possible carbon chain.

For a:

Amide group is a type of functional group where an amine group is attached to a carbonyl group. The general formula of amide is $R-CO-NH_2$ , where R is an alkyl or aryl group.

In part (a), the alkyl group has 2 carbon atoms and thus, the prefix used is 'eth-'

Also, an ethyl substituent is directly attached to N-atom. It is an alkane structured hydrocarbon thus, the suffix used will be '-ane'

Hence, the IUPAC name of the compound is N-ethylethaneamide.

For b:

Amide group is a type of functional group where an amine group is attached to a carbonyl group. The general formula of amide is $R-CO-NH_2$ , where R is an alkyl or aryl group.

In part (b), the alkyl group has 1 carbon atoms and thus, the prefix used is 'meth-'

Also, two ethyl substituents are directly attached to N-atom. It is an alkane structured hydrocarbon thus, the suffix used will be '-ane'

Hence, the IUPAC name of the compound is N,N-diethylmethaneamide.

For c:

Esters are a kind of organic molecules having functional groups, $R-COO-R'$ where R and R' are the alkyl or aryl groups. They are formed by the combination of alcohol and carboxylic acid.

These functional group compounds are named in two words which is alkyl alkanoates, where alkyl refers to the alcoholic part and alkanoate refers to the carboxylic acid part of the molecule. The numbering of the parent chain in esters is done from the carboxylic carbon. The alkyl part is not given any numbers.

In part (c), there are 5 carbon atoms present in a straight chain and thus, the prefix used is 'pent-'

Also, an ethyl group forms the alcoholic part.

Hence, the IUPAC name of the compound is ethyl pentanoate

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Answer:

It uses fossils to help pinpoint the ages of rocks.

Explanation:

Radiocarbon dating can not be used to determine the age of rocks.

Carbon dating works well only for objects that are less than 50,000 years. Most rocks are far older than that. Over time, carbon-14 decays gradually into nitrogen. Hence, we can not really use radiocarbon dating to determine the absolute age of a rock sample since the carbon-14 in the fossils of ancient rock samples may have completely decayed.

3 0

3 years ago

Given the data calculated in Parts A, B, C, and D, determine the initial rate for a reaction that starts with 0.85 M of reagent

elixir [45]

Answer : The initial rate for a reaction will be $3.8\times 10^{-4}Ms^{-1}$

Explanation :

Rate law : It is defined as the expression which expresses the rate of the reaction in terms of molar concentration of the reactants with each term raised to the power their stoichiometric coefficient of that reactant in the balanced chemical equation.

The chemical equation will be:

$A+B+C\rightarrow P$

Rate law expression for the reaction:

$\text{Rate}=k[A]^a[B]^b[C]^c$

where,

a = order with respect to A

b = order with respect to B

c = order with respect to C

Expression for rate law for first observation:

$6.1\times 10^{-5}=k(0.2)^a(0.2)^b(0.2)^c$ ....(1)

Expression for rate law for second observation:

$1.8\times 10^{-4}=k(0.2)^a(0.2)^b(0.6)^c$ ....(2)

Expression for rate law for third observation:

$2.4\times 10^{-4}=k(0.4)^a(0.2)^b(0.2)^c$ ....(3)

Expression for rate law for fourth observation:

$2.4\times 10^{-4}=k(0.4)^a(0.4)^b(0.2)^c$ ....(4)

Dividing 1 from 2, we get:

$\frac{1.8\times 10^{-4}}{6.1\times 10^{-5}}=\frac{k(0.2)^a(0.2)^b(0.6)^c}{k(0.2)^a(0.2)^b(0.2)^c}\\\\3=3^c\\c=1$

Dividing 1 from 3, we get:

$\frac{2.4\times 10^{-4}}{6.1\times 10^{-5}}=\frac{k(0.4)^a(0.2)^b(0.2)^c}{k(0.2)^a(0.2)^b(0.2)^c}\\\\4=2^a\\a=2$

Dividing 3 from 4, we get:

$\frac{2.4\times 10^{-4}}{2.4\times 10^{-4}}=\frac{k(0.4)^a(0.4)^b(0.2)^c}{k(0.4)^a(0.2)^b(0.2)^c}\\\\1=2^b\\b=0$

Thus, the rate law becomes:

$\text{Rate}=k[A]^2[B]^0[C]^1$

Now, calculating the value of 'k' by using any expression.

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

$6.1\times 10^{-5}=k(0.2)^2(0.2)^0(0.2)^1$

$k=7.6\times 10^{-3}M^{-2}s^{-1}$

Now we have to calculate the initial rate for a reaction that starts with 0.85 M of reagent A and 0.70 M of reagents B and C.

$\text{Rate}=k[A]^2[B]^0[C]^1$

$\text{Rate}=(7.6\times 10^{-3})\times (0.85)^2(0.70)^0(0.70)^1$

$\text{Rate}=3.8\times 10^{-3}Ms^{-1}$

Therefore, the initial rate for a reaction will be $3.8\times 10^{-3}Ms^{-1}$

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Dose the weight of a human change

prisoha [69]

Answer:

It changes as they grow

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3 years ago

Equilibrium describes the balance that results from a forward and reverse reaction proceeding at equal rates. Since reaction rat

Delvig [45]

Answer:

b) the reaction proceeds to a new equilibrium in the direction that offsets the change.

Explanation:

According to Le Chatelier's principle, when a system experiences a constraint such as a change in pressure, temperature or concentration, the system will readjust itself in order to annul the constraint.

This simply means that when temperature, concentration or pressure is changed, a new equilibrium position is reached in order to offset the changes in the system.

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21 Which process is used to determine the concentration of an acid?

Inessa05 [86]

Answer:

4) Titration

Explanation:

Titration is a common process used to determine the concentration of acids. It does this by adding a solution of base with a known concentration to the acid until it reaches neutralization.

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