The difference in the concentration of a substance between two areas is called the concentration gradient. When a region has a higher particle concentration than another, this is known as a concentration gradient. A concentration gradient will cause particles in passive transport to diffuse down it from higher concentration to lower concentration until they are evenly spaced.

The gradual separation of a region of high density from a region of low density in a solution in terms of the concentration of a dissolved material. Understanding how ions and particles flow randomly in a solution or gas depends on the concentration gradient.

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4 0

2 years ago

Which of the following correctly describes the role of scientific models in the advancement of technology? Models represent the

Nikitich [7]

Models help us better understand the phenomena

3 0

3 years ago

Calculate the work (kJ) done during a reaction in which the internal volume expands from 20 L to 43 L against an outside pressur

Alenkinab [10]

Answer:

$\large \boxed{\text{-10.0 kJ}}$

Explanation:

1. Calculate the work

w = - pΔV = -4.3 atm × (43 L - 20 L) = -4.3 × 23 L·atm = -98.9 L·atm

2. Convert litre-atmospheres to joules

$w = \text{-98.9 L\cdot$atm } \times \dfrac{\text{101.3 J}}{\text{1 L$\cdot$atm }} = \text{-10000 J} = \textbf{-10.0 kJ}\\\\\text{The work done is $\large \boxed{\textbf{-10.0 kJ}}$}$

The negative sign indicates that the work was done against the surroundings.

4 0

3 years ago