Daniel and Sanya are scientists. Daniel is studying whether the increasing frequency of tropical storms is affecting coastal ero
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Answer:
The pH of the mixture is approximately 4.2.
There's no equilibrium calculation involved if HCl is used instead of lactic acid. The pH of that solution will be approximately 3.7.
Explanation:
<h3>Lactic Acid</h3>Lactic acid is a monoprotic acid. In other words, each lactic acid molecule can be ionized to release only one proton. Therefore, lactic acid will react with NaOH at a 1-to-1 ratio. The result will be one unit of the anion of lactate ion.
Lactic acid is in excess. All NaOH will be consumed. Before any dissociation takes place, the solution will contain 0.2 mM of lactic acid and 0.4 mM of lactate ions.
Lactic acid is a weak acid. The following equilibrium will take place in the solution:
.
Let the increase in the concentration of protons in the solution be . Construct a RICE table:
.
The pKa value of lactic acid is 3.86. Therefore, . By the definition of the acid dissociation constant
,
.
Given that , solve for
:
.
There might be more than one solutions. However, the correct solution shall ensure that all concentrations are greater than zero. In this case,
.
By the definition of pH,
.
The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation will yield a similar result.
<h3>HCl</h3>Similar to lactic acid, HCl is also monoprotic. The solution will contain 0.2 mM of HCl and 0.4 mM of NaCl before any ionization takes place.
Unlike lactic acid, all that 0.2 mM of HCl will ionize to produce protons and chloride ions. The final proton concentration in the solution will be 0.2 mM. As a result,
.