Answer:
0.9 N
Explanation:
The force exerted on an object is related to its change in momentum by:
where
F is the force exerted
is the change in momentum
is the time interval
The change in momentum can be rewritten as
where
m is the mass
u is the initial velocity
v is the final velocity
So the formula can be rewritten as
In this problem we have:
is the mass rate
is the initial velocity
is the final velocity
Therefore, the force exerted by the hail on the roof is:
When the object is at rest, there is a zero net force due the cancellation of the object's weight <em>w</em> with the normal force <em>n</em> of the table pushing up on the object, so that by Newton's second law,
∑ <em>F</em> = <em>n</em> - <em>w</em> = 0 → <em>n</em> = <em>w</em> = <em>mg</em> = 112.5 N ≈ 113 N
where <em>m</em> = 12.5 kg and <em>g</em> = 9.80 m/s².
The minimum force <em>F</em> needed to overcome <u>maximum</u> static friction <em>f</em> and get the object moving is
<em>F</em> > <em>f</em> = 0.50 <em>n</em> = 61.25 N ≈ 61.3 N
which means a push of <em>F</em> = 15 N is not enough the get object moving and so it stays at rest in equilibrium. While the push is being done, the net force on the object is still zero, but now the horizontal push and static friction cancel each other.
So:
(a) Your free body diagram should show the object with 4 forces acting on it as described above. You have to draw it to scale, so whatever length you use for the normal force and weight vectors, the length of the push and static friction vectors should be about 61.3/112.5 ≈ 0.545 ≈ 54.5% as long.
(b) Friction has a magnitude of 15 N because it balances the pushing force.
(c) The object is in equilibrium and not moving, so the acceleration is zero.
The answer is D, they reproduce quickly.
It is probably transversal.
The particles vibrate perpendicular to the direction of an energy transmission.
I hope this helps.
