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sashaice [31]
4 years ago
13

A 6.26 g sample of a solid containing ni is dissolved in 20.0 ml water. a 5.00 ml aliquot of this solution is diluted to 100.0 m

l and analyzed in the lab. the solution was determined to contain 5.28 ppm ni. determine the molarity of ni in the 20.0 ml solution.
Chemistry
1 answer:
saveliy_v [14]4 years ago
5 0
Concentration of Ni in 20mL = 5.28ppm x dilution factor = 5.28 x 100/5 = 105.6 ppm = 105.6 mg/L 

molar mass of Ni = 58.6934 g
<span>Molarity of Ni = 100.40 x 10^{-3} / 58.6934 = 1.71 x 10^{-3} M = 1.71 mM. </span>
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Answer:

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Question 1 (a). Just as the problem states, liquid nitroglycerin decomposes into nitrogen gas N_2, oxygen gas O_2, water vapor H_2O and carbon dioxide CO_2. Let's write the decomposition of nitroglycerin into these 4 components:

C_3H_5N_3O_9 (l)\rightarrow N_2 (g) + O_2 (g) + H_2O (g) + CO_2 (g)

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C_3H_5N_3O_9 (l)\rightarrow N_2 (g) + O_2 (g) + H_2O (g) + 3 CO_2 (g)

Now, we have 3 nitrogen atoms on the left and 2 on the right, so let's multiply nitrogen on the right by \frac{3}{2}:

C_3H_5N_3O_9 (l)\rightarrow \frac{3}{2}N_2 (g) + O_2 (g) + H_2O (g) + 3 CO_2 (g)

We have 5 hydrogen atoms on the left, 2 on the right, so let's multiply the right-hand side by \frac{5}{2}:

C_3H_5N_3O_9 (l)\rightarrow \frac{3}{2}N_2 (g) + O_2 (g) + \frac{5}{2} H_2O (g) + 3 CO_2 (g)

Finally, count the oxygen atoms. We have a total of 9 on the left. On the right we have (excluding oxygen molecule):

\frac{5}{2} + 6 = 8.5

This leaves 9 - 8.5 = 0.5 = \frac{1}{2} of oxygen. Since oxygen is diatomic, we need to take one fourth of it to get one half in total:

C_3H_5N_3O_9 (l)\rightarrow \frac{3}{2}N_2 (g) + \frac{1}{4} O_2 (g) + \frac{5}{2} H_2O (g) + 3 CO_2 (g)

To make it look neater without fractional coefficients, multiply both sides by 4:

4 C_3H_5N_3O_9 (l)\rightarrow 6N_2 (g) + O_2 (g) + 10 H_2O (g) + 12 CO_2 (g)

Question 2 (b). Now we can make use of the balanced chemical equation and apply it for the context of this separate problem. We're given the following variables:

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Rearranging for moles, that is, dividing both sides by RT (here R is the ideal gas law constant):

n_{CO_2} = \frac{pV_{CO_2}}{RT} = \frac{1 atm\cdot 41.0 L}{0.08206 \frac{L atm}{mol K}\cdot 259.15 K} = 1.928 mol

According to the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation:

4 C_3H_5N_3O_9 (l)\rightarrow 6N_2 (g) + O_2 (g) + 10 H_2O (g) + 12 CO_2 (g)

4 moles of nitroglycerin (ng) produce 12 moles of carbon dioxide. From here we can find moles o nitroglycerin knowing that:

\frac{n_{ng}}{4} = \frac{n_{CO_2}}{12} \therefore n_{ng} = \frac{4}{12}n_{CO_2} = \frac{1}{3}\cdot 1.928 mol = 0.6427 mol

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