Answer:
electron-electron repulsion
Explanation:
When electrons add into valence shell of neutral elements, the element assumes a negative oxidation state. With this, the number of electrons having (-) charges will be larger than the number of protons having positive (+) charges. As a result, the extra electrons repel one another (i.e., like charges repel) and a larger radius is the result.
In contrast, when cations are formed, electrons are removed from the valence level (oxidation) producing an element having a greater number of protons than electrons. The larger number of protons will function to attract the electron cloud with a greater force that results in a contraction of atomic radius and a smaller spherical volume than the neutral unionized element.
To visualize, see attached chart that shows atomic and ionic radii before and after ionization of the elements.
Answer:
motor oil
Explanation:
According to Oxford dictionary, viscosity refers to ''a quantity expressing the magnitude of internal friction in a fluid, as measured by the force per unit area resisting uniform flow.''
The higher the molecular weight of a substance, the greater its viscosity. This is because, the long chains in the viscous substance become entangled thereby increasing the internal friction in the liquid.
Motor oil is a heavier hydrocarbon than gasoline hence it is more viscous than gasoline.
Question is incomplete. Complete question is attached below
.............................................................................................................................
Answer: Option A: HCO3-(aq.)
Reason:
From the reaction, it can be seen that following reaction occurs in forward direct
HCO3-(aq) + H2O(l) → H2CO3(aq) + OH-(aq)
In above forward reaction, HCO3- accepts proton from H2O to generate H2CO3. Thus, according to Lowry and Bronsted theory of acid-base,
HCO3- is a base, while
H2CO3 is a conjugate acid.