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muminat
3 years ago
11

How can electronegativity be used to explain the reaction we see in terms of the numbers and types of bonded being formed in lit

hium?

Chemistry
1 answer:
kolezko [41]3 years ago
5 0

Explanation:

Lithium is an electropositive element that readily loses electrons.

Oxygen is electronegative and it will readily accept electrons.

 Due to this significant electronegativity differences between the two species they form electrovalent or ionic bonds between them.

  2atoms of Li lose two electrons:

      Li  →  Li²⁺ + e⁻

             Lithium isoelectronic with helium

 For oxygen;

      O + 2e⁻   →  O²⁻

                          Oxygen is isoelectronic with Neon

Two ions of the lithium combines with the oxygen to form the bond;

                   4Li + O₂  →  2Li₂O

The electrostatic attraction between the two ions forms the ionic bond

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The energy release when dissolving 1 mol of NaOH in water is 445.1 kJ
the mass of NaOH to be dissolved is 32.0 g
The number of NaOH moles in 32.0 g - 32.0 g / 40 g/mol =  0.8 mol
the energy released whilst dissolving 1 mol of NaOH - 445.1 kJ
when dissolving 0.8 mol - the energy released is 445.1 kJ/mol x 0.8 mol
therefore heat released is - 356.08 kJ
answer is -356.08 kJ
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