Sorry man i sad to see i’m late
Correct answer: <span>An isomer with a branched structure will require:
less energy to melt than the straight chain structure.
Reason:
</span>
The branched chain compounds have lower melting and boiling points as compared to straight chain isomers.This is due to the fact that branching makes the molecule more compact. This results in decreases in surface area of isomer. But, the intermolecular attractive forces depends on the surface area of compound. Thus, branched isomers have lower intermolecular force of interaction, as compared to straight chain isomers. Consequently, the melting/boiling points of the branched chain isomers are lower as compared to straight chain isomers.
Answer:
ΔG = 98.67 kJ/mol
Explanation:
Let' s consider the following reaction.
Hg₂Cl₂(s) → Hg₂²⁺(aq) + 2Cl⁻(aq)
The standard Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) for the reaction is:
ΔG° = 1 mol × ΔG°f(Hg₂²⁺(aq)) + 2 mol × ΔG°f(Cl⁻(aq)) - 1 mol × ΔG°f(Hg₂Cl₂(s))
where,
ΔG°f: standard Gibbs free energy of formation
ΔG° = 1 mol × (154.72 kJ/mol) + 2 mol × (-134.08 kJ/mol) - 1 mol × (-215.06 kJ/mol)
ΔG° = 101.62 kJ
This is standard Gibbs free energy change per mole of reaction.
The Gibbs free energy of the reaction (ΔG) can be calculated using the following expression.
ΔG = ΔG° - R.T.lnQ
where,
R: ideal gas constant
T: absolute temperature
Q: reaction quotient
ΔG = ΔG° - R.T.ln([Hg₂²⁺].[Cl⁻]²)
ΔG = 101.62 kJ/mol + (8.314 × 10⁻³ kJ/mol.K) . (298.2 K) . ln [(0.926).(0.573)²]
ΔG = 98.67 kJ/mol
Answer:
See explanation below
Explanation:
Picture 1 show the original starting material. Picture 2, shows the mechanism involved to get the final product. This is a reaction with sustitution. So, the first step is the nucleophylic attack of the OH of the ethanol to the tosylate. This means that the chlorine goes out. When this happens, the chlorine becames in the next step a nucleophyle, so it attacks to the carbon of the ethane tosylate intermediate. As tosylate is a very good outgoing group, this goes out of the molecule and then, the alkyl halide is formed.
As for the stereochemistry, if the initial reactant has a S configuration, then the final product will be R, and if it's R, then the final would be S. See picture for mechanism: