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3 years ago

Which of the following acids (listed with pKa values) and their conjugate base would form a buffer with a pH of 8.10?

Chemistry

1 answer:

Amiraneli [1.4K]3 years ago

7 0

Answer:

Explanation:

A buffer is a solution that can resist abrupt changes in pH when acids or bases are added. It is formed by two components:

A weak acid and its conjugate base.
A weak base and its conjugate acid.

In this case, acid and base are defined according to Bronsted-Löwry theory, which states that acids are substances that release H⁺ and bases are substances that accept H⁺. Therefore, when an acid loses an H⁺ transforms into its conjugated base. For example, HF/F⁻ is a conjugate acid-base pair.

In buffers, when an acid is added, it reacts with the base to diminish its amount:

F⁻ + H⁺ ⇄ HF

Also in buffers, when a base is added, it reacts with the acid to diminish its amount:

HF + OH⁻ = F⁻ + H₂O

The optimum pH range of work of a buffer system (known as buffer range) is between 1 unit less and 1 unit more of pH than its pKa.

So, the buffer formed by HClO/ClO⁻ works optimally in the pH range 6.54-8.54. Since pH = 8.10 is in that interval, this would be the optimal choice.

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In which of the following reactions does a decrease in the volume of the reaction vessel at constant

Black_prince [1.1K]

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The correct option is: A) 2H₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2H₂O(g)

Explanation:

According to the Le Chatelier's principle, change in the volume of the reaction system causes equilibrium to shift in the direction that reduces the effect of the volume change.

When the volume decreases then the pressure of the reaction vessel increases, then the equilibrium shifts towards the reaction side that produces less number of moles of gas.

A) 2H₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2H₂O(g)

The number of moles of reactant is 3 and number of moles of product is 2.

Therefore, when volume decreases, the equilibrium shifts towards the product side, thereby favoring the formation of products.

B) NO₂(g) + CO(g) → NO(g) + CO₂(g)

The number of moles of reactant and product both is 2.

Therefore, when the volume decreases, the equilibrium does not shift in any direction.

C) H₂(g) + I₂(g) → 2HI(g)

The number of moles of reactant and product both is 2.

Therefore, when the volume decreases, the equilibrium does not shift in any direction.

D) 2O₃(g) → 3O₂(g)

The number of moles of reactant is 2 and number of moles of product is 3.

Therefore, when volume decreases, the equilibrium shifts towards the reactant side, thereby favoring the formation of reactants.

E) MgCO₃(s) → MgO(s) + CO₂(g)

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3 years ago

An acid and a base solution were mixed together in a crucible and all the water in the mixture was evaporated off. What is left

Ratling [72]

Answer:

Explanation:

Acids are substances that dissolves in water to produce hydrogen ion(H⁺) while base are substances that dissolves in water to produce hydroxide ion (OH⁻).

The chemical reaction between an acid and a base solution is known as a neutralization reaction. The reaction between these 2 compounds will produce salt and water. An acid solution will react with a base solution to form salt and water. An example of this kind of reaction is between HCl (Hydrochloric acid) and NaOH(sodium hydroxide).

HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O . The product form here is sodium chloride(salt) and water

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3 years ago