Answer:
There are following type of hydraulic cylinders
1.Single acting
2.Double acting
3.Single acting spring loaded
4.Non differential type
5.Ram type
6.Piston type
7.Actuating type
8.Telescopic type
Answer:
c) absolute zero
Explanation:
The fourth principle of thermodynamics posed by the Romanian economist Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen, explains the presence of absolute zero is said that at this temperature the internal molecular movement becomes zero making the internal energy (U) zero, absolute zero is equivalent to -273.15C or 0Kelvin
Answer:
Proof is as follows
Proof:
Given that , 
<u>for any function f with period T, RMS is given by</u>
<u />
<u />
In our case, function is 
![RMS = \sqrt{\frac{1}{T}\int\limits^T_0 {[V_{ac} + V_{dc}]^{2} } \, dt }](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=RMS%20%3D%20%5Csqrt%7B%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7BT%7D%5Cint%5Climits%5ET_0%20%7B%5BV_%7Bac%7D%20%2B%20V_%7Bdc%7D%5D%5E%7B2%7D%20%7D%20%5C%2C%20dt%20%20%7D)
Now open the square term as follows
![RMS = \sqrt{\frac{1}{T}\int\limits^T_0 {[V_{ac}^{2} + V_{dc}^{2} + 2V_{dc}V_{ac}] } \, dt }](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=RMS%20%3D%20%5Csqrt%7B%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7BT%7D%5Cint%5Climits%5ET_0%20%7B%5BV_%7Bac%7D%5E%7B2%7D%20%2B%20V_%7Bdc%7D%5E%7B2%7D%20%2B%202V_%7Bdc%7DV_%7Bac%7D%5D%20%7D%20%5C%2C%20dt%20%20%7D)
Rearranging terms

You can see that
- second term is square of RMS value of Vac
- Third terms is average of VdcVac and given is that average of

so
![RMS = \sqrt{\frac{1}{T}TV_{dc}^{2} + [RMS~~ of~~ V_{ac}]^2 }](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=RMS%20%3D%20%5Csqrt%7B%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7BT%7DTV_%7Bdc%7D%5E%7B2%7D%20%20%20%2B%20%5BRMS~~%20of~~%20V_%7Bac%7D%5D%5E2%20%7D)
![RMS = \sqrt{V_{dc}^{2} + [RMS~~ of~~ V_{ac}]^2 }](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=RMS%20%3D%20%5Csqrt%7BV_%7Bdc%7D%5E%7B2%7D%20%20%20%2B%20%5BRMS~~%20of~~%20V_%7Bac%7D%5D%5E2%20%7D)
So it has been proved that given expression for root mean square (RMS) is valid