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Alex_Xolod [135]
3 years ago
14

7. Use the concepts of relative abundance and relative weight to explain why carbon has an atomic mass of 12.011 amu when there

are three isotopes of carbon weighing 12 amu, 13 amu and 14 amu. Why is the atomic mass not 13?
Chemistry
1 answer:
Dvinal [7]3 years ago
5 0

The  uncertainties  of  the  delta  measurements  and  the  uncertainty  of  the  atomic  weight  derivedfrom  the  best  measurement  of  isotopic  abundances  constrain  the  number  of  significant  figures  in  theatomic-weight values of the upper and lower bounds. For carbon, the fifth digit after the decimal pointis uncertain because of the uncertainty value of 0.000 027. Therefore, the number of significant digitsin the atomic-weight value is reduced to four figures after the decimal point. The Commission may rec-ommend  additional  conservatism  and  reduce  the  number  of  significant  figures  further.  For  the  lowerbound of carbon, 12.009 635 is truncated to 12.0096. For an upper bound, the trailing digit is increasedto ensure the atomic-weight interval encompasses the atomic-weight values of all normal materials. Inthe case of carbon, the upper bound is adjusted from 12.011 532 to 12.0116 to express four digits afterthe decimal point. The lower and upper bounds are evaluated so that the number of significant digits ineach  is  identical.  If  a  value  ends  with  a  zero,  it  may  need  to  be  included  in  the  value  to  express  therequired number of digits. The following are examples of lower and upper atomic-weight bounds foroxygen that could be published by the Commission in its various tables.

---------------------------

Extracted from" Atomic weights of the elements 2009 (IUPAC Technical Report)"

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lubasha [3.4K]

Ans 1. Both

Ans 2. Once inside plants, carbon moves through food chains, where organisms become nutrients including herbivores, carnivores and ultimately, decomposers. Once buried in the soil, carbon can be converted into fossil fuels over long periods of time and then also reenter the atmosphere by combustion. The Law of Conservation of Matter states that matter cannot be created or destroyed. The carbon cycle is an example of the Law

Ans 3. Most of the chemical energy needed for life is stored in organic compounds as bonds between carbon atoms and other atoms. The law of conservation of energy states that energy can not be created or destroyed. Thus, just like matter energy is also conserved in the process.

Hope it helps

3 0
3 years ago
Which particles can be stopped by human skin? ) alpha and beta particles only alpha particles alpha and gamma particles beta and
Helga [31]
Alpha and Beta particles can be stopped by our skin. Gamma particles cannot be stopped by our skin.
7 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
The normal freezing point of a certain liquid
stepladder [879]

Answer : The molal freezing point depression constant of X is 4.12^oC/m

Explanation :  Given,

Mass of urea (solute) = 5.90 g

Mass of X liquid (solvent) = 450.0 g

Molar mass of urea = 60 g/mole

Formula used :  

\Delta T_f=i\times K_f\times m\\\\T^o-T_s=i\times K_f\times\frac{\text{Mass of urea}\times 1000}{\text{Molar mass of urea}\times \text{Mass of X liquid}}

where,

\Delta T_f = change in freezing point

\Delta T_s = freezing point of solution = -0.5^oC

\Delta T^o = freezing point of liquid X= 0.4^oC

i = Van't Hoff factor = 1  (for non-electrolyte)

K_f = molal freezing point depression constant of X = ?

m = molality

Now put all the given values in this formula, we get

[0.4-(-0.5)]^oC=1\times k_f\times \frac{5.90g\times 1000}{60g/mol\times 450.0g}

k_f=4.12^oC/m

Therefore, the molal freezing point depression constant of X is 4.12^oC/m

4 0
3 years ago
This electron cloud model of aluminum has _______ energy levels with _______ electrons on its outer energy level. A) 1, 2 B) 2,
Talja [164]

Answer:

C

Explanation:

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7 0
3 years ago
The cis and trans geometric isomers of a compound have different chemical and physical properties. Draw the structure of the geo
frutty [35]

<u>Answer:</u> The structure of the geometrical isomers are attached below.

<u>Explanation:</u>

Cis- and Trans- isomers are the geometrical isomers which have same chemical formula but different structural formula

According to CIP rule, the groups on the doubly bonded carbon atoms are given priorities based on the the atomic masses of first connected atom.

If the highest priority groups are on the same side, it is known as cis-form and if the highest priority groups are on opposite side, it is known as trans-form.

We are given a chemical compound, which is 2-pentene.

In this the highest priority groups are methyl and ethyl groups.

When the groups are on the same side, it forms cis-form and when the groups are on the opposite side, it forms trans-form

The structure of the geometrical isomers are attached below.

7 0
2 years ago
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