The student wants to test the conductivity of each solution. Prior to carrying out the investigation, the student needs to ident
ify the variables being controlled and the variables being changed between the two solutions. Which identification of the variables is correct?
Options:
The volume of the solution and the concentration of the solution are being changed between the two solutions, but the number of solute particles is being held constant.
The number of solute particles and the concentration of the solution are being changed between the two solutions, but the volume is being held constant.
The number of solute particles is being changed between the two solutions, but the volume and concentration of the solution is being held constant.
The volume of the solution and the number of solute particles are being changed between the two solutions, but the concentration of the solution is being held constant.
Options:
The volume of the solution and the concentration of the solution are being changed between the two solutions, but the number of solute particles is being held constant.
The number of solute particles and the concentration of the solution are being changed between the two solutions, but the volume is being held constant.
The number of solute particles is being changed between the two solutions, but the volume and concentration of the solution is being held constant.
The volume of the solution and the number of solute particles are being changed between the two solutions, but the concentration of the solution is being held constant.
2 answers:
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Complete Question
The complete question is shown on the first uploaded image
Answer:
The solution to this question is shown on the second uploaded image
Explanation:
Answer:The product formed on reaction with hydroxide ion as nucleophile is 2R-hexane-2-ol.
The product formed on reaction with water would be a 50:50 mixture of
2S-hexane-2-ol. and 2R-hexane-2-ol.
Explanation:
2S-iodohexane on reactiong with hydroxide ion would undergo SN² substitution reaction that is substitution bimolecular. Hydroxide ion has a negative charge and hence it is a quite good nucleophile .
The rate of a SN² reaction depends on both the substrate and nucleophile . Here the substrate is a secondary carbon center having Iodine as a leaving group.SN² reaction takes place here as hydroxide ion is a good nucleophile and it can attack the secondary carbon center from the back side leading to the formation of 2R-hexane-2-ol.
In a SN² reaction since the the nucleophile attacks from the back-side so the product formation takes place with the inversion of configuration.
When the same substrate S-2-iodohexane undergoes a substitution reaction with water as a nucleophile then the reaction occurs through (SN¹) substitution nucleophilic unimolecular mechanism .
The rate of a SN¹ reaction depends only on the nature of substrate and is independent of the nature of nucleophile.
The SN¹ reaction is a 2 step reaction , in the first step leaving group leaves leading to the formation of a carbocation and once the carbocation is formed then any weaker nucleophile or even solvent molecules can attack leading the formation of products.
In this case a secondary carbocation would be generated in the first step and then water will attack this carbocation to form the product in the second step.
The product formed on using water as a nucleophile would be a racemic mixture of R and S isomers of hexane -2-ol in 50:50 ratio. The two products formed would be 2R-hexane-2-ol and 2S-hexane-2-ol.
Kindly refer the attachment for reaction mechanism and structure of products.
3-pentanone to form 3-pentanol
Here 3-pentanone reacts with H2/Pt to given 3-pentanol
So here with one step we can convert given ketone to alcohol
The reaction will be
