Answer:
A scientific theory is an explanation of an aspect of the natural world and universe that has been repeatedly tested and verified in accordance with the scientific method, using accepted protocols of observation, measurement, and evaluation of results. Where possible, theories are tested under controlled conditions in an experiment. In circumstances not amenable to experimental testing, theories are evaluated through principles of abductive reasoning. Established scientific theories have withstood rigorous scrutiny and embody scientific knowledge.
A scientific theory differs from a scientific fact or scientific law in that a theory explains "why" or "how": a fact is a simple, basic observation, whereas a law is a statement (often a mathematical equation) about a relationship between facts. For example, Newton’s Law of Gravity is a mathematical equation that can be used to predict the attraction between bodies, but it is not a theory to explain how gravity works. Stephen Jay Gould wrote that "...facts and theories are different things, not rungs in a hierarchy of increasing certainty. Facts are the world's data. Theories are structures of ideas that explain and interpret facts.
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This question is incomplete, the complete question is;
Determine the design moment strength (ϕMn) for a W21x73 steel beam with a simple span of 18 ft when lateral bracing for the compression flange is provided at the ends only (i.e., Lb = 18 ft). Report the result in kip-ft.
Use Fy=50 ksi and assume Cb=1.0 (if needed).
Answer: the design moment strength for the W21x73 steel beam is 566.25 f-ft
Explanation:
Given that;
section W 21 x 73 steel beam;
now from the steel table table for this section;
Zx = Sx = 151 in³
also given that; fy = 50 ksi and Cb = 1.0
QMn = 0.9 × Fy × Zx
so we substitute
QMn = 0.9 × 50 × 151
QMn = 6795 k-inch
we know that;
12inch equals 1 foot
so
QMn = 6795 k-inch / 12
QMn = 566.25 f-ft
Therefore the design moment strength for the W21x73 steel beam is 566.25 f-ft
Answer:
The color of water is measured by comparing the water to platinum cobalt color standards representing APHA Standard Color Units. Tests 0, 20, 50, 80, 110, 140, 170, and 200 APHA color units
Explanation:
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