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AleksandrR [38]
3 years ago
13

In medieval warfare, one of the greatest technological advancement was the trebuchet. The trebuchet was used to sling rocks into

castles. You are asked to study the motion of such a projectile for a group of local enthusiast planning a medieval war reenactment. Unfortunately an actual trebuchet had not been built yet, so you decide to first look at the motion of a thrown ball as a model of rocks thrown by a trebuchet. Specifically, you are interested in how the horizontal and the vertical components of the velocity for a thrown object change with time. 1. Make a large rough sketch of the trajectory of the ball after it has been thrown. Draw the ball in at least five different positions; two when the ball is going up, two when it is going down, and one at its maximum height. Label the horizontal and vertical axes of your coordinate system.
2. On the sketch, draw and label the expected acceleration vectors of the ball (relative sizes and directions) for the five different positions. Decompose each acceleration vector into its vertical and horizontal components.
3. On the sketch, draw and label the velocity vectors of the object at the same positions you chose to draw your acceleration vectors. Decomposes each velocity vector into its vertical and horizontal components. Check to see that the changes in the velocity vector are consistent with the acceleration vectors.
4. Looking at the sketch, how does someone expect the ball's horizontal acceleration to change with time? Could you give a possible equation giving the ball's horizontal acceleration as a function of time? Graph this equation. If there are constants in your equation, what kinematic quantities do they represent? How would someone determine these constants from the graph?
5. Looking at the sketch, how does someone expect the ball's horizontal velocity to change with time? Is it consistent with the statements about the ball's acceleration from the previous question? Could you give a possible equation for the ball's horizontal velocity as a function of time? Graph this equation. If there are constants in the equation, what kinematic quantities do they represent? How would someone determine these constants from the graph?
6. Could you give a possible equation for the ball's horizontal position as a function of time? Graph this equation. If there are constants in the equation, what kinematic quantities do they represent? How would someone determine these constants from the graph? Are any of these constants related to the equations for horizontal velocity or acceleration?
7. Repeat questions 4-6 for the vertical component of the acceleration, velocity, and position. How are the constants for the acceleration, velocity and position equations related?
Physics
1 answer:
NNADVOKAT [17]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

2) a_y= -g  3) vₓ=constant v_y = v_{oy} - g t, 4)  vₓ = v₀ₓ - ax t

5)  changes the horizontal speed, should change range

7) changes the vertical speed change the maximum height

Explanation:

1) After reading your long writing, we are going to solve the exercise, in the attachment you can see the different vectors.

2) The acceleration vectors are vertical and directed downwards due to the attraction of the Earth (gravity force) this force is constant, on the x axis there is no acceleration

3) the velocity vectors on the x-axis are constant because there are no relationships and the y-axis changes value according to the expression

           v_y = v_{oy} - gt

at the point of maximum height, vy = 0 is equal to the maximum height

4) For someone to change the horizontal acceleration we must assume a friction with the air, in this case they relate it would be in the opposite direction to the horizontal speed

In the graph it would be directed to the left, therefore the velocity would be

           vₓ = v₀ₓ - ax t

5 and 6) If someone changes the horizontal speed, they should change the range of the shot for greater horizontal speed, the rock goes further.

the equations of motion are

           x = v₀ₓ t

           y = v_{oy} t - ½ g t²

7) If someone changes the vertical speed change the maximum height, but not the scope of the shot, for higher speed higher maximum height,

the equations of motion are the same.

You might be interested in
Four penguins that are being playfully pulled along very slippery (frictionless) ice by a curator. The masses of three penguins
Sati [7]

Answer:

m_2 = 23 kg

Explanation:

As we know that the tension in two strings are

T_2 = 111 N

T_4 = 222 N

now we have

F_{net} = ma

so we can say

(m_1 + m_2)a = T_2

(12 + m_2)a = 111

also we have

(m_1 + m_2 + m_3 + m_4) a = T_4

(12 + m_2 + 15 + 20) a = 222

now divide two equations

\frac{222}{111} = \frac{47 + m_2}{12 + m_2}

2m_2 + 24 = 47 + m_2

m_2 = 23 kg

7 0
3 years ago
A pendulum is swinging next to a wall. The distance from the bob of the pendulum to the wall varies in a periodic way that can b
nexus9112 [7]

The formula of the trigonometric function that models the distance HHH from the pendulum's bob to the wall after t seconds is

H(t) = 15 -6sin(2.5π(t -0.5))

Detailed explanation:

The function can be expressed as the following for the midline M, amplitude A, period T, and time t0 at which the function deviates from the midline:

 H(t) = M -Asin(2π/T(t -t0))

The equation is based on the parameters M=15, A=6, T=0.8, and t0 = 0.5.

H(t) is equal to 15 -6sin(2.5π(t -0.5))

<h3>What is function?</h3>

The trigonometric functions in mathematics are real functions that connect the right-angled triangle's angle to the ratios of its two side lengths .In all areas of study that involve geometry, such as geodesy, solid mechanics, celestial mechanics, and many others, they are widely used.

To learn more about functions visit:

brainly.com/question/15607563

#SPJ4

The correct question is:

A pendulum is swinging next to a wall. The distance from the bob of the swinging pendulum to the wall varies in a periodic way that can be modeled by a trigonometric function.

The function has period 0.80.80, point, 8 seconds, amplitude 6 \text{ cm}6 cm6, start text, space, c, m, end text, and midline H = 15 \text{ cm}H=15 cmH, equals, 15, start text, space, c, m, end text. At time t = 0.5t=0.5t, equals, 0, point, 5 seconds, the bob is at its midline, moving towards the wall.

Find the formula of the trigonometric function that models the distance HHH from the pendulum's bob to the wall after t seconds. Define the function using radians.

5 0
1 year ago
How long will a trip take in hours of you travel 450kmat an average speed of 80 km/hr
777dan777 [17]
5.625 hours and it is 450 divided by 80
Have A Good Day
4 0
3 years ago
Most of our Solar system is composed of___
Bond [772]

Answer:

empty space

Explanation:

Our solar system comprises of the sun as the star, the planets, the dwarf planets, various moons, and plenty of asteroids, comets, and meteoroids. However, the majority part of the solar system consists of a void or empty space. These empty spaces basically composed of planetary dust and gas.

Hence, it can be concluded that Most of our Solar system is composed of "Empty Spaces."

5 0
2 years ago
A runner drank a lot of water during a race. What is the expected path of the extra filtered water molecules?
Naddika [18.5K]

Answer:

Afferent arteriole, glomerulus, nephron tubule, collecting duct

Explanation:

Blood enters the kidney through the renal artery, a thick branch from the descending aorta. In the hilum, it is divided into several branches that are distributed through the lobes of the kidney and are branching forming numerous afferent arterioles that form the glomerular clew. It is precisely the walls of these capillaries that act as ultrafilters, allowing small particles to pass through.

Blood that flows through the <u>afferent arteriole</u> circulates through the capillary vessels of the kidney (the true capillaries that provide the kidney with oxygen and nutrients necessary for its function). These capillaries are grouped together to form the renal vein which, in turn, pours into the inferior vena cava.

Given the function of the kidneys to eliminate waste products through urine, it is not surprising that these organs are the ones that receive the most blood per gram of weight. One way to express renal blood flow is by considering the renal fraction or fraction of cardiac output that passes through the kidneys.

The regulation of blood flow in the glomeruli is achieved by three formations: the polar bearing, the Goormaghtigh cells and the dense macula. The polar bearing consists of a thickening of the afferent arteriole wall before it enters the <u>renal glomerulus</u>. The arteriole loses its elastic membrane, the endothelium becomes discontinuous and the middle tunic is arranged in two layers, formed by secretory cells: these secretory cells produce Angiotensin and Erythropoietin.

Goormaghtigh cells are arranged at an angle between afferent and effector arterioles and meet in small columns. They are closely related to polar bearing cells. Between both formations is the dense macula (or Zimmerman's dense macula) that is in contact with the distal tubule and afferent arteriole just before it penetrates the glomerulus. These three formations, polar bearing, Goormaghtigh cells and dense macula form the juxtaglomerular apparatus that regulates the blood flow in the glomerulus.

<u>Nephrons</u> regulate water and soluble matter (especially Electrolytes) in the body, by first filtering the blood under pressure, and then reabsorbing some necessary fluid and molecules back into the blood while secreting other unnecessary molecules.

The reabsorption and secretion are achieved with the mechanisms of Cotransporte and Contratransporte established in the nephrons and associated collection ducts. Blood filtration occurs in the glomerulus, a capping of capillaries that is inside a Bowman's capsule.

Liquid flows from the nephron in the <u>collecting duct</u> system. This segment of the nephron is crucial to the process of water conservation by the body. In the presence of the antidiuretic hormone (ADH; also called vasopressin), these ducts become water permeable and facilitate their reabsorption, thus concentrating the urine and reducing its volume. Conversely, when the body must remove excess water, for example after drinking excess fluid, ADH production is decreased and the collecting tubule becomes less permeable to water, making the urine diluted and abundant.

6 0
3 years ago
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