Explanation:
Magma convection is the primary driving mechanism by which geothermal energy is brought to the earth.
Geothermal energy is energy from deep within earth has been brought close to crustal levels.
They are usually sourced from areas in which a body of magma is appreciably close to the surface or where the mantle is close up.
- Mantle convection is movement of magma within the region of the earth's mantle.
- In this process, hot magma rises up close to the surface and cold ones sinks further deep into the mantle.
- As hot magma rises in the mantle, it is brought close to the surface and crustal levels.
- Where the crust is thin, the heat from the ensuing magma can be felt more close up
- Cracks in the overlying lithosphere can bring these magma up ensuring a continuous supply of this hot mantle materials.
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Answer:
The equilibrium pressure of HCl is 5.40 atm
Explanation:
Kc = [HCl]^2/[H2][Cl2]
Initial pressure of H2 = 3.46 atm and Cl2 = 3.46 atm
Let the equilibrium pressure of HCl be y
From the equation of reaction, mole ratio of H2 to HCl is 1:2, equilibrium pressure of H2 is (3.46 - 0.5y)
Also, from the y of reaction, mole ratio of Cl2 to HCl is 1:2, equilibrium pressure of Cl2 is (3.46 - 0.5y)
Kc = 50.1
50.1 = y^2/(3.46 -y)(3.46 - y)
50.1(11.9716 - 3.46y + 0.25y^2) = y^2
12.525y^2 - 173.346y + 599.77716 = y^2
11.525y^2 - 173.346y + 599.77716 = 0
y^2 - 15.04y + 52.04 = 0
The value of y is obtained using the quadratic formula
y = [15.04 - (sqrt (-15.04^2 - 4×1×52.04))] ÷ 2(1) = (15.04 - 4.25) ÷ 2 = 10.79 ÷ 2 = 5.40 atm (to 2 decimal places)
Answer: The average atomic mass of this element is 131.5 amu
Explanation:
Mass of isotope 1 = 131.90 amu
% abundance of isotope 1 = 90% = 
Mass of isotope 2 = 127.90 amu
% abundance of isotope 2 = 10% = 
Formula used for average atomic mass of an element :
![A=\sum[(131.90\times 0.9)+(127.90\times 0.1)]=131.5amu](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=A%3D%5Csum%5B%28131.90%5Ctimes%200.9%29%2B%28127.90%5Ctimes%200.1%29%5D%3D131.5amu)
The average atomic mass of this element is 131.5 amu
Three peaks corresponding to Cl+2 will be recorded. The peaks are for isotope 35, both 35 and 37 and for isotope 37. Mass spectrometer has the ability to detect and separate isotopes, even those differing by a single atomic mass unit. When chlorine isotopes are analysed by mass spectrometer, either peak M or M+2 can be obtained. The intensity ratio in the isotope pattern depends on the natural abundance of the isotopes.
