∆H = m x s x ∆T, where m is the mass of the reactants, s is the specific heat of the product, and ∆T is the change in temperature from the reaction.
Answer:
C. The mass of an electron is much less than the mass of a proton or
a neutron.
Explanation:
When we compare the mass of an electron to that of proton or neutron, the mass of an electron is much less than the mass of a proton or a neutron.
Electrons are negatively charged particles in an atom
Protons are positively charged particles
Neutrons do not carry any charges.
- The relative mass of an electron compared to that of a proton is
- This is a very small value
- Electrons generally have mass of 9.11 x 10⁻³¹kg
- Protons weigh 1.67 x 10⁻²⁷kg
- Neutrons weigh 1.68 x 10⁻²⁷kg
We can see that electrons have very small mass and this is why when calculating the mass of an atom, we use the sum of the number of protons and neutrons.
The quantity which is equivalent to the product of the absolute index of refraction of water and the speed of light in water system is the speed of light in vacuum.
<h3>What is the speed of light?</h3>
Speed of light is the rate of speed though the light travels. To find the speed of light in any medium, the following formula is used.

Here, (n) is the index of reaction and (c) is the speed of light in the vacuum. The speed of light in the vacuum is almost equal to the 3.0×10⁸ m/s.
Now the quantity which is equivalent to the product of the absolute index of refraction of water and the speed of light in water has to be find out.
The above formula can be written as,

Here, the product of index of refraction and speed of light is equal to the speed of light in vacuum. This will be true for water as well.
Thus, the quantity which is equivalent to the product of the absolute index of refraction of water and the speed of light in water system is the speed of light in vacuum.
Learn more about the speed of light here;
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You can't really describe it but this is what it looks like http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.453291.html
<span>Answer: 0.094%
</span><span>Explanation:
</span>
<span></span><span /><span>
1) Equilibrium chemical equation:
</span><span />
<span>Only the ionization of the formic acid is the important part.
</span><span />
<span>HCOOH(aq) ⇄ HCOO⁻(aq) + H⁺(aq).
</span><span />
<span>2) Mass balance:
</span><span />
<span> HCOOH(aq) HCOO⁻(aq) H⁺(aq).
Start 0.311 0.189
Reaction - x +x +x
Final 0.311 - x 0.189 + x x
3) Acid constant equation:
</span><span />
<span>Ka = [HCOO-] [N+] / [HCOOH] = (0.189 + x) x / (0.311 -x)
</span><span />
<span>= (0.189 + x )x / (0.311 - x) = 0.000177
4) Solve the equation:
You can solve it exactly (it will lead to a quadratic equation so you can use the quadratiic formula). I suggest to use the fact that x is much much smaller than 0.189 and 0.311.
</span><span />
<span>With that approximation the equation to solve becomes:
</span><span>0.1890x / 0.311 = 0.000177, which leads to:</span>
<span /><span>
x = 0.000177 x 0.311 / 0.189 = 2.91 x 10⁻⁴ M
5) With that number, the percent of ionization (alfa) is:
</span><span />
<span>percent of ionization = (moles ionized / initial moles) x 100 =
</span><span>
</span><span>
</span><span>percent ionization = (concentration of ions / initial concentration) x 100 =
</span><span>
</span><span>
</span><span>percent ionization = (0.000291 / 0.311)x 100 = 0.0936% = 0.094%
</span>
<span></span><span />