Explanation:
The sun's gravitational force is very strong. If it were not, a planet would move in a straight line out into space. The sun's gravity pulls the planet toward the sun, which changes the straight line of direction into a curve. This keeps the planet moving in an orbit around the sun
To solve this problem it is necessary to apply the concepts related to acceleration due to gravity, as well as Newton's second law that describes the weight based on its mass and the acceleration of the celestial body on which it depends.
In other words the acceleration can be described as

Where
G = Gravitational Universal Constant
M = Mass of Earth
r = Radius of Earth
This equation can be differentiated with respect to the radius of change, that is


At the same time since Newton's second law we know that:

Where,
m = mass
a =Acceleration
From the previous value given for acceleration we have to

Finally to find the change in weight it is necessary to differentiate the Force with respect to the acceleration, then:




But we know that the total weight (F_W) is equivalent to 600N, and that the change during each mile in kilometers is 1.6km or 1600m therefore:


Therefore there is a weight loss of 0.3N every kilometer.
Alight year is the distance that ligth travels in a year.
Answer: C. The distance tat light travels in a year.
Answer:

Part b)

Part c)


Explanation:
The two components of the velocity of the ball is given as




Part a)
now we know that the displacement in y direction is given as

so we have



Part b)
Distance of the ball in x direction of the motion is given as



Part c)
In x direction the velocity will remain the same always

while in Y direction we can use kinematics


